ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2014
Activity of and effect of subcutaneous treatment with the broad-spectrum antiviral lectin griffithsin in two laboratory rodent models.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04420260 (Scheme of Primary Prevention of Infection by COVID-19, in Workers), which is not on this map. Cited by 82 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Scheme of Primary Prevention of Infection by COVID-19, in Workers: Phase II Controlled Clinical Trial, to be Carried Out in Medellín-Antioquia
Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preclinical evaluation of high-dose Griffithsin carrageenan fast-dissolving insert for HIV, HSV-2, and HPV prevention.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Targeting Yeast Pathogens with Lectins: A Narrative Review from Mechanistic Insights to the Need for Addressing Translational Challenges.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- In Silico and in vitro evaluation of Cucurbitaceae seed lectins as promising prophylactic and therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2.Glycoconjugate journal · 2025Article
- Algal Lectin Griffithsin Inhibits Ebola Virus Infection.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review
- Expression and antiviral application of exogenous lectin (griffithsin) in sweetpotatoes.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- A computational simulation appraisal of banana lectin as a potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 candidate by targeting the receptor-binding domain.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2023Article
- An approach to rapid distributed manufacturing of broad spectrum anti-viral griffithsin using cell-free systems to mitigate pandemics.New biotechnology · 2023Article
- Article
- Sustained Delivery of the Antiviral Protein Griffithsin and Its Adhesion to a Biological Surface by a Silk Fibroin Scaffold.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Biological properties and potential of compounds extracted from red seaweeds.Phytochemistry reviews : proceedings of the Phytochemical Society of Europe · 2022Review
- An Update of Lectins from Marine Organisms: Characterization, Extraction Methodology, and Potential Biofunctional Applications.Marine drugs · 2022Review
- Lectins and lectibodies: potential promising antiviral agents.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2022Review
- The direct and indirect effects of bioactive compounds against coronavirus.Food frontiers · 2022Review
- Plant lectins as prospective antiviral biomolecules in the search for COVID-19 eradication strategies.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022Review
- Structural biology of SARS-CoV-2: open the door for novel therapies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Review
- Complexity of Viral Epitope Surfaces as Evasive Targets for Vaccines and Therapeutic Antibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Antiviral lectin Q-Griffithsin suppresses fungal infection in murine models of vaginal candidiasis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- An algal lectin griffithsin inhibits Hantaan virus infectionFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Algal and Cyanobacterial Lectins and Their Antimicrobial Properties.Marine drugs · 2021Review
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Griffithsin (GRFT) is a red-alga-derived lectin that binds the terminal mannose residues of N-linked glycans found on the surface of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and other enveloped viruses, including hepatitis C virus (HCV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and Ebola virus. GRFT displays no human T-cell mitogenic activity and does not induce production of proinflammatory cytokines in treated human cell lines. However, despite the growing evidence showing the broad-spectrum nanomolar or better antiviral activity of GRFT, no study has reported a comprehensive assessment of GRFT safety as a potential systemic antiviral treatment. The results presented in this work show that minimal toxicity was induced by a range of single and repeated daily subcutaneous doses of GRFT in two rodent species, although we noted treatment-associated increases in spleen and liver mass suggestive of an antidrug immune response. The drug is systemically distributed, accumulating to high levels in the serum and plasma after subcutaneous delivery. Further, we showed that serum from GRFT-treated animals retained antiviral activity against HIV-1-enveloped pseudoviruses in a cell-based neutralization assay. Overall, our data presented here show that GRFT accumulates to relevant therapeutic concentrations which are tolerated with minimal toxicity. These studies support further development of GRFT as a systemic antiviral therapeutic agent against enveloped viruses, although deimmunizing the molecule may be necessary if it is to be used in long-term treatment of chronic viral infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.