ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2014
Pharmacometric characterization of efavirenz developmental pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics in HIV-infected children.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of a Pediatric Relative Bioavailability/Bioequivalence Database and Identification of Putative Risk Factors Associated With Evaluation of Pediatric Oral Products.The AAPS journal · 2021Pooled it
- Variability of efavirenz plasma concentrations among pediatric HIV patients treated with efavirenz based combination antiretroviral therapy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2018Trial
- Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling To Estimate the Contributions of Genetic and Nongenetic Factors to Efavirenz Disposition.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Trial
- Sub- and supratherapeutic efavirenz plasma concentrations with risk for HIV therapy failure are mainly genetically explained in Ugandan children: The prospective GENEFA cohort study.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Article
- Genetic and non-genetic factors influencing efavirenz population pharmacokinetics among human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected children in Ethiopia.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2023Article
- Pharmacogenetic Aspects of Drug Metabolizing Enzymes and Transporters in Pediatric Medicine: Study Progress, Clinical Practice and Future Perspectives.Paediatric drugs · 2023Review
- Recent advances in the ontogeny of drug disposition.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Review
- Is Routine Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Anti-Retroviral Agents Warranted in Children Living with HIV?The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2022Article
- The Pharmacogenetics of Efavirenz Metabolism in Children: The Potential Genetic and Medical Contributions to Child Development in the Context of Long-Term ARV Treatment.New directions for child and adolescent development · 2020Review
- Population pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in HIV and TB/HIV coinfected children: the significance of genotype-guided dosing.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2019Article
- Methadone dosing strategies in preterm neonates can be simplified.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Article
- Estimation of Drug Pharmacokinetics from Breast Feeding: A Simple Method Based on Meta-analysis.Journal of advances in medical and pharmaceutical sciences · 2019Article
- Efavirenz and Lopinavir Levels in HIV-Infected Women and Their Nursing Infants, in Mali.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2018Article
- Pharmacokinetics of Efavirenz at a High Dose of 25 Milligrams per Kilogram per Day in Children 2 to 3 Years Old.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Article
- Age, Weight, andAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Article
- Article
- Plasma Efavirenz Exposure, Sex, and Age Predict Virological Response in HIV-Infected African Children.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Article
- The impact of genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in African children.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2016Article
- Article
- Antiretroviral treatment in HIV-1 infected pediatric patients: focus on efavirenz.Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The aim of this analysis was to create a pharmacometric model of efavirenz developmental pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics in HIV-infected children. The data consisted of 3,172 plasma concentrations from 96 HIV-1-infected children who participated in the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 382 (PACTG382) study. Analyses were performed using NONMEM, and the impacts of body weight, age, race, sex, formulation, liver function, and cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)-G516T and multidrug-resistance transporter gene (MDR1)-C3435T polymorphisms were assessed. A one-compartment model using weight-based allometry on oral clearance and apparent volume of distribution adequately described the data. A sigmoid maximum-effect (Emax) maturation model demonstrated an increase in oral clearance with age to reach 90% of its mature level by the age of 9 months. The liquid formulation bioavailability relative to the capsule was found to increase with age to reach 90% of its mature value by the age of 8 years. The CYP2B6-G516T polymorphism decreased oral clearance, while the MDR1-C3435T polymorphism demonstrated no effect.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.