ArticleAIDS (London, England)2013
Pubertal onset in children with perinatal HIV infection in the era of combination antiretroviral treatment.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01418014 (Adolescent Master Protocol), which is not on this map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Adolescent Master Protocol
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Alendronate Improves Bone Mineral Density in Children and Adolescents Perinatally Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus With Low Bone Mineral Density for Age.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Trial
- Effect of high-dose cholecalciferol (vitamin DOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017Trial
- Brief Report: Is Gestational Exposure to HIV and Protease Inhibitors Associated With Timing of Pubertal Onset?Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Pubertal onset in children with in-utero HIV/antiretroviral exposure in Botswana.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Observational
- Bone Accrual Trajectories in Children and Adolescents With Perinatal HIV Infection.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Assessment of the impact of HIV infection on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and pubertal development among adolescent girls at a tertiary centre in Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Changes in Subclinical Vascular Disease in Ugandan Youth With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Observational
- Gut Dysfunction Markers Are Associated With Body Composition in Youth Living With Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Analyzing Longitudinally Collected Viral Load Measurements in Youth With Perinatally Acquired HIV Infection: Problems and Possible Remedies.American journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Sexual and procreation preferences of adolescents and young adults infected perinatally with HIV in Southeast Nigeria: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.The Pan African medical journal · 2022Article
- Growth and the pubertal growth spurt in South African adolescents living with perinatally-acquired HIV infection.PloS one · 2022Article
- Sexual maturation of HIV-infected and uninfected male children in Abakaliki, South-East, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.The Pan African medical journal · 2022Article
- Growth and Pubertal Development Among HIV Infected and Uninfected Adolescent Girls in Lagos, Nigeria: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.Global pediatric health · 2022Article
- Common Childhood Viruses and Pubertal Timing: The LEGACY Girls Study.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Immune Markers and Their Association with Bone Density in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults with Perinatally Acquired HIV.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2021Article
- Deficits in Bone Architecture and Strength in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- Article
- Article
- Stunting and growth velocity of adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV: differential evolution for males and females. A multiregional analysis from the IeDEA global paediatric collaboration.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate associations of perinatal HIV infection, HIV disease severity, and combination antiretroviral treatment with age at pubertal onset.
designAnalysis of data from two US longitudinal cohort studies (IMPAACT 219C and PHACS AMP), conducted during 2000-2012, including perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV) and HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) youth. Tanner stage assessments of pubertal status (breast and pubic hair in girls; genitalia and pubic hair in boys) were conducted annually.
methodsWe compared the timing of pubertal onset (Tanner stage ≥2) between PHIV and HEU youth using interval-censored models. For PHIV youth, we evaluated associations of HIV disease severity and combination antiretroviral treatment with age at pubertal onset, adjusting for race/ethnicity and birth cohort.
resultsThe mean age at pubertal onset was significantly later for the 2086 PHIV youth compared to the 453 HEU children (10.3 vs. 9.6, 10.5 vs. 10.0, 11.3 vs. 10.4, and 11.5 vs. 10.7 years according to female breast, female pubic hair, male genitalia, and male pubic hair staging, respectively, all P < 0.001). PHIV youth with HIV-1 RNA viral load above 10, 000 copies/ml (vs. ≤10, 000 copies/ml) or CD4% below 15% (vs. ≥15%) had significantly later pubertal onset (by 4-13 months). Each additional year of combination antiretroviral treatment was associated with a 0.6-1.2-month earlier mean age at pubertal onset, but this trend did not persist after adjustment for birth cohort.
conclusionPubertal onset occurs significantly later in PHIV than in HEU youth, especially among those with more severe HIV disease. However, in the current era, combination antiretroviral treatment may result in more normal timing of pubertal onset.
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Registered trials
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