ArticleBMC psychiatry2013
Dysregulation of leukocyte gene expression in women with medication-refractory depression versus healthy non-depressed controls.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between prenatal famine, DNA methylation and mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical epigenetics · 2023Pooled it
- Purinergic system dysfunction in mood disorders: a key target for developing improved therapeutics.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2015Pooled it
- Oxidative Stress in Treatment-Resistant and Refractory Depression: A Hidden Therapeutic Target?Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Pleiotropic effects of oxytocin receptor polymorphisms: influencing striatocortical connectivity in bipolar disorder.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2025Article
- Causal relationship between rosacea and psychiatric disorders: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Archives of dermatological research · 2025Article
- Ferroptosis-related genes as diagnostic markers for major depressive disorder and their correlations with immune infiltration.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Biomarkers of Post-COVID Depression.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Gene expression studies in Depression development and treatment: an overview of the underlying molecular mechanisms and biological processes to identify biomarkers.Translational psychiatry · 2021Review
- Identification of Diagnostic Markers for Major Depressive Disorder Using Machine Learning Methods.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Identification of key genes involved in post-traumatic stress disorder: Evidence from bioinformatics analysis.World journal of psychiatry · 2020Article
- Peripheral Markers of Depression.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Altered serum interleukin-7 and interleukin-10 are associated with drug-free major depressive disorder.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Effects of intranasal administration of the peptide antagonist of type I vaniloid receptor (TRPV1) in the rodent central nervous system.Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections · 2016Article
- Replication of genome-wide association study (GWAS) susceptibility loci in a Latino bipolar disorder cohort.Bipolar disorders · 2016Article
- GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR-RELATED GENES: GENOTYPE AND BRAIN GENE EXPRESSION RELATIONSHIPS TO SUICIDE AND MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER.Depression and anxiety · 2016Article
- Gene Expression Factor Analysis to Differentiate Pathways Linked to Fibromyalgia, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and Depression in a Diverse Patient Sample.Arthritis care & research · 2016Article
- Leukocyte Gene Expression in Patients with Medication Refractory Depression before and after Treatment with ECT or Isoflurane Anesthesia: A Pilot Study.Depression research and treatment · 2014Article
- Transient Receptor Potential Channels as Blood Biomarkers for Pain Characteristics in Patients with Chronic Pain.Anesthesia, essays and researchesArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDepressive Disorders (DD) are a great financial and social burden. Females display 70% higher rate of depression than males and more than 30% of these patients do not respond to conventional medications. Thus medication-refractory female patients are a large, under-served, group where new biological targets for intervention are greatly needed.
methodsWe used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to evaluate mRNA gene expression from peripheral blood leukocytes for 27 genes, including immune, HPA-axis, ion channels, and growth and transcription factors. Our sample included 23 females with medication refractory DD: 13 with major depressive disorder (MDD), 10 with bipolar disorder (BPD). Our comparison group was 19 healthy, non-depressed female controls. We examined differences in mRNA expression in DD vs. controls, in MDD vs. BPD, and in patients with greater vs. lesser depression severity.
resultsDD patients showed increased expression for IL-10, IL-6, OXTR, P2RX7, P2RY1, and TRPV1. BPD patients showed increased APP, CREB1, NFKB1, NR3C1, and SPARC and decreased TNF expression. Depression severity was related to increased IL-10, P2RY1, P2RX1, and TRPV4 expression.
conclusionsThese results support prior findings of dysregulation in immune genes, and provide preliminary evidence of dysregulation in purinergic and other ion channels in females with medication-refractory depression, and in transcription and growth factors in those with BPD. If replicated in future research examining protein levels as well as mRNA, these pathways could potentially be used to explore biological mechanisms of depression and to develop new drug targets.
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