ArticleInternational journal of health geographics2013
Urban slum structure: integrating socioeconomic and land cover data to model slum evolution in Salvador, Brazil.
Article in International journal of health geographics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Voices and challenges of marginalized and vulnerable groups in urban informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya: building on a spectrum of community-based participatory research approaches.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Inequalities in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in Brazilian slum populations: A cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Inequalities in the prevalence of major depressive disorder in Brazilian slum populations: a cross-sectional analysis.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2021Article
- Association between Style of Living and General Health in Suburban Women: A Cross-sectional Study in South East of Iran.Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR · 2017Article
- The Influence of Household- and Community-Level Sanitation and Fecal Sludge Management on Urban Fecal Contamination in Households and Drains and Enteric Infection in Children.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2017Article
- Using fine-scale spatial genetics of Norway rats to improve control efforts and reduce leptospirosis risk in urban slum environments.Evolutionary applications · 2017Article
- Hypertension in a Brazilian urban slum population.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2015Article
- Influence of household rat infestation on leptospira transmission in the urban slum environment.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe expansion of urban slums is a key challenge for public and social policy in the 21st century. The heterogeneous and dynamic nature of slum communities limits the use of rigid slum definitions. A systematic and flexible approach to characterize, delineate and model urban slum structure at an operational resolution is essential to plan, deploy, and monitor interventions at the local and national level.
methodsWe modeled the multi-dimensional structure of urban slums in the city of Salvador, a city of 3 million inhabitants in Brazil, by integrating census-derived socioeconomic variables and remotely-sensed land cover variables. We assessed the correlation between the two sets of variables using canonical correlation analysis, identified land cover proxies for the socioeconomic variables, and produced an integrated map of deprivation in Salvador at 30 m × 30 m resolution.
resultsThe canonical analysis identified three significant ordination axes that described the structure of Salvador census tracts according to land cover and socioeconomic features. The first canonical axis captured a gradient from crowded, low-income communities with corrugated roof housing to higher-income communities. The second canonical axis discriminated among socioeconomic variables characterizing the most marginalized census tracts, those without access to sanitation or piped water. The third canonical axis accounted for the least amount of variation, but discriminated between high-income areas with white-painted or tiled roofs from lower-income areas.
conclusionsOur approach captures the socioeconomic and land cover heterogeneity within and between slum settlements and identifies the most marginalized communities in a large, complex urban setting. These findings indicate that changes in the canonical scores for slum areas can be used to track their evolution and to monitor the impact of development programs such as slum upgrading.
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