ReviewFrontiers in plant science2013
The current status of the elemental defense hypothesis in relation to pathogens.
Review in Frontiers in plant science, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIPPs of all trades: insights from pathogens on the function of HMA proteins at plasmodesmata.Journal of experimental botany · 2026Review
- Flagellin recognition triggers zinc mobilization in Arabidopsis thaliana as a response to Salmonella Typhimurium invasion.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Exogenous Copper Application for the Elemental Defense of Rice Plants against Rice Leaffolder (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The elemental defense effect of cadmium on Alternaria brassicicola in Brassica juncea.BMC plant biology · 2022Article
- Impairment of the Zn/Cd detoxification systems affects the ability ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Synergistic Effect of Melatonin and Selenium Improves Resistance to Postharvest Gray Mold Disease of Tomato Fruit.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- An update on redox signals in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress crosstalk: insights from cadmium and fungal pathogen interactions.Journal of experimental botany · 2021Review
- Broomrape Species ParasitizingPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy-enabled elemental mapping illuminates the 'battle for nutrients' between plant and pathogen.Journal of experimental botany · 2021Article
- Inability to accumulate Ni in a genus of hyperaccumulators: the paradox of Odontarrhena sibirica (Brassicaceae).Planta · 2020Article
- Nickel hyperaccumulation in New Caledonian Hybanthus (Violaceae) and occurrence of nickel-rich phloem in Hybanthus austrocaledonicus.Annals of botany · 2020Article
- Necrotrophic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina tolerates chromium stress through regulating antioxidant enzymes and genes expression (MSN1 and MT).Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
- Variation in defence strategies in the metal hyperaccumulator plantRoyal Society open science · 2019Article
- Editorial: Plant Responses to Phytophagous Mites/Thrips and Search for Resistance.Frontiers in plant science · 2019Article
- Evolution, and functional analysis of Natural Resistance-Associated Macrophage Proteins (NRAMPs) from Theobroma cacao and their role in cadmium accumulation.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- The Role of Heavy Metals in Plant Response to Biotic Stress.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
- Effect of Cadmium Accumulation on the Performance of Plants and of Herbivores That Cope Differently With Organic Defenses.Frontiers in plant science · 2018Article
- Ultramafic geoecology of South and Southeast Asia.Botanical studies · 2017Review
- Local adaptation is associated with zinc tolerance in Pseudomonas endophytes of the metal-hyperaccumulator plant Noccaea caerulescens.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metal hyperaccumulating plants are able to accumulate exceptionally high concentrations of metals, such as zinc, nickel, or cadmium, in their aerial tissues. These metals reach concentrations that would be toxic to most other plant species. This trait has evolved multiple times independently in the plant kingdom. Recent studies have provided new insight into the ecological and evolutionary significance of this trait, by showing that some metal hyperaccumulating plants can use high concentrations of accumulated metals to defend themselves against attack by pathogenic microorganisms and herbivores. Here, we review the evidence that metal hyperaccumulation acts as a defensive trait in plants, with particular emphasis on plant-pathogen interactions. We discuss the mechanisms by which defense against pathogens might have driven the evolution of metal hyperaccumulation, including the interaction of this trait with other forms of defense. In particular, we consider how physiological adaptations and fitness costs associated with metal hyperaccumulation could have resulted in trade-offs between metal hyperaccumulation and other defenses. Drawing on current understanding of the population ecology of metal hyperaccumulator plants, we consider the conditions that might have been necessary for metal hyperaccumulation to be selected as a defensive trait, and discuss the likelihood that these were fulfilled. Based on these conditions, we propose a possible scenario for the evolution of metal hyperaccumulation, in which selective pressure for resistance to pathogens or herbivores, combined with gene flow from non-metallicolous populations, increases the likelihood that the metal hyperaccumulating trait becomes established in plant populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.