ArticleAge and ageing2014
Education associated with a delayed onset of terminal decline.
Article in Age and ageing, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transitions across cognitive states and death among older adults in relation to education: A multistate survival model using data from six longitudinal studies.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2018Pooled it
- When does cognitive decline begin? A systematic review of change point studies on accelerated decline in cognitive and neurological outcomes preceding mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and death.Psychology and aging · 2018Pooled it
- Functional decline in the final years of life: A multicohort study.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Improving analysis of cognitive outcomes in cardiovascular trials using different statistical approaches.Trials · 2024Article
- Resistance and Resilience to Alzheimer's Disease.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2024Review
- New Evidence of Healthier Aging: Positive Cohort Effects on Verbal Fluency.Innovation in aging · 2024Article
- The Association between Education and Cognitive Performance Varies at Different Levels of Cognitive Performance: A Quantile Regression Approach.Gerontology · 2024Article
- nlive: an R package to facilitate the application of the sigmoidal and random changepoint mixed models.BMC medical research methodology · 2023Article
- Persistent delirium in older hospital patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Delirium (Bielefeld, Germany) · 2022Article
- Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Cognitive Abilities in the Greek Cohort of Epirus Health Study.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Synergistic influence of education and marriage on the risk for cognition loss among the older people in China.Nursing open · 2021Article
- The long arm of childhood intelligence on terminal decline: Evidence from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1921.Psychology and aging · 2020Article
- Education and Cognitive Decline: An Integrative Analysis of Global Longitudinal Studies of Cognitive Aging.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2020Article
- A viewpoint on change point modeling for cognitive aging research: Moving from description to intervention and practice.Ageing research reviews · 2020Review
- Education and cognitive reserve in old age.Neurology · 2019Article
- Article
- Sigmoidal mixed models for longitudinal data.Statistical methods in medical research · 2018Article
- Childhood social class and cognitive aging in the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Mental retirement and health selection: Analyses from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2017Article
- The role of cognitive reserve on terminal decline: a cross-cohort analysis from two European studies: OCTO-Twin, Sweden, and Newcastle 85+, UK.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundthe terminal decline hypothesis suggests an acceleration in the rate of loss of cognitive function before death. Evidence about the association of educational attainment and the onset of terminal decline is scarce.
objectiveto investigate the association of education with the onset of terminal decline in global cognitive function measured by Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) scores. SUBJECTS: deceased participants of the Cambridge City over 75 Cohort Study who were interviewed at about 2, 7, 9, 13, 17 and 21 years after baseline.
methodsregular and Tobit random change point growth models were fitted to MMSE scores to identify the onset of terminal decline and assess the effect of education on this onset.
resultspeople who left school at an older age had a delayed onset of terminal decline. Thus better educated individuals experience a slightly shorter period of faster decline before death.
conclusionan important finding emerging from our work is that education does appear to delay the onset of terminal decline, although only by a limited amount.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.