ArticleBritish journal of cancer2013
Prognostic impact of tumour-infiltrating immune cells on biliary tract cancer.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 164 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
164 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 270 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-Term Survivor of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma for over 18 Years: Case Study with Longitudinal Histo-molecular and Tumor Immune Microenvironment Characterization and Systematic Review of the Literature.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Tumour-infiltrating inflammation and prognosis in colorectal cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of cancer · 2014Pooled it
- Efficacy and biomarker analysis of second-line nab-paclitaxel plus sintilimab in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer.Cancer science · 2024Trial
- A Single-Arm Phase II Study of Nab-Paclitaxel Plus Gemcitabine and Cisplatin for Locally Advanced or Metastatic Biliary Tract Cancer.Cancer research and treatment · 2024Trial
- Clinical and biomarker analyses of sintilimab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin as first-line treatment for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer.Nature communications · 2023Trial
- A Phase II Study of Pembrolizumab in Combination with Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin with Molecular Profiling in Patients with Advanced Biliary Tract Carcinoma.The oncologist · 2022Trial
- A randomized placebo-controlled phase I clinical trial to evaluate the immunomodulatory activities of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb) DC. in healthy Thai subjects.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2021Trial
- The Tumor Immune Landscape and Architecture of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Urothelial Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Article
- Targeting cancer-associated fibroblast-activated HGF/c-MET pathway inhibits extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression and restores gemcitabine therapeutic sensitivity.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- Article
- Multimodal single-cell profiling reveals crosstalk between macrophages and stromal cells in poor prognostic cholangiocarcinoma patients.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- Hepatic carcinosarcoma: a rare and aggressive case with unusual molecular signature!Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Cholangiocarcinoma 2026: status quo, unmet needs and priorities.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Dual aVß8 Integrin and PD-1 Blockade Overcomes TGFβ-Mediated B-Cell Suppression to Enhance Anti-Tumor Immunity.Neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Adoptively transferred Th17 cells cooperate with host B cells to achieve durable tumor immunity.Cancer cell · 2025Article
- Review
- Prognostic factors in gallbladder cancer: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition · 2025Article
- Cross-Talk Between Tumor Cells and Stellate Cells Promotes Oncolytic VSV Activity in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.Cancers · 2025Article
- Immunomodulatory Effects ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
104 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBiliary tract cancers (BTC) are relatively rare malignant tumours with poor prognosis. It is known from other solid neoplasms that antitumour inflammatory response has an impact on tumour behaviour and patient outcome. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive characterisation of antitumour inflammatory response in human BTC.
methodsTumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+, and Foxp3+), natural killer cells (perforin+), B lymphocytes (CD20+), macrophages (CD68+) as well as mast cells (CD117+) were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 375 BTC including extrahepatic (ECC; n=157), intrahepatic (ICC; n=149), and gallbladder (GBAC; n=69) adenocarcinomas. Overall and intraepithelial quantity of tumour-infiltrating immune cells was analysed. Data were correlated with clinicopathological variables and patient survival.
resultsThe most prevalent inflammatory cell type in BTC was the T lymphocyte. Components of the adaptive immune response decreased, whereas innate immune response components increased significantly in the biliary intraepithelial neoplasia - primary carcinoma - metastasis sequence. BTC patients with intraepithelial tumour-infiltrating CD4+, CD8+, and Foxp3+ T lymphocytes showed a significantly longer overall survival. Number of total intraepithelial tumour-infiltrating Foxp3+ regulatory T lymphocytes (HR: 0.492, P=0.002) and CD4+ T lymphocytes (HR: 0.595, P=0.008) were tumour grade- and UICC-stage-independent prognosticators. The subtype-specific evaluation revealed that the tumour-infiltrating lymphocytic infiltrate is a positive outcome predictor in ECC and GBAC but not in ICC.
conclusionOur findings characterise the immune response in cholangiocarcinogenesis and identify inflammatory cell types that influence the outcome of BTC patients. Further, we show that BTC subtypes show relevant differences with respect to density, quality of inflammation, and impact on patient survival.
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