ArticleGlobalization and health2013
Pharmaceutical digital marketing and governance: illicit actors and challenges to global patient safety and public health.
Article in Globalization and health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Actor-network and stakeholder analysis in preventing health goods smuggling in Iran.Globalization and health · 2025Article
- Economic barriers to prevent the smuggling of health goods in Iran.BMJ global health · 2024Article
- Legal and regulatory instruments for NCD prevention: a scoping review and descriptive analysis of evaluations in OECD countries.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Evaluating the frequency, consumers' motivation and perception of online medicinal, herbal, and health products purchase safety in Saudi Arabia.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2021Article
- The Voice of Drug Consumers: Online Textual Review Analysis Using Structural Topic Model.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- The Relationship Between Attachment Styles, Self-Monitoring and Cybercrime in Social Network Users.International journal of high risk behaviors & addiction · 2016Article
- Digital danger: a review of the global public health, patient safety and cybersecurity threats posed by illicit online pharmacies.British medical bulletin · 2016Review
- Article
- Globalization and Health: developing the journal to advance the field.Globalization and health · 2016Article
- Illicit Internet availability of drugs subject to recall and patient safety consequences.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2015Article
- The rise of digital direct-to-consumer advertising?: Comparison of direct-to-consumer advertising expenditure trends from publicly available data sources and global policy implications.BMC health services research · 2015Article
- Counterfeit drug penetration into global legitimate medicine supply chains: a global assessment.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2015Article
- After counterfeit Avastin®--what have we learned and what can be done?Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2015Review
- A call for a moratorium on the .health generic top-level domain: preventing the commercialization and exclusive control of online health information.Globalization and health · 2014Article
- Health domains for sale: the need for global health Internet governance.Journal of medical Internet research · 2014Article
- Improving global health governance to combat counterfeit medicines: a proposal for a UNODC-WHO-Interpol trilateral mechanism.BMC medicine · 2013Article
- It's time to shine the light on direct-to-consumer advertising.Annals of family medicineArticle
- A critical review on the availability of substandard and falsified medicines online: Incidence, challenges and perspectives.The journal of medicine accessReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDigital forms of direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical marketing (eDTCA) have globalized in an era of free and open information exchange. Yet, the unregulated expansion of eDTCA has resulted in unaddressed global public health threats. Specifically, illicit online pharmacies are engaged in the sale of purportedly safe, legitimate product that may in fact be counterfeit or substandard. These cybercriminal actors exploit available eDTCA mediums over the Internet to market their suspect products globally. Despite these risks, a detailed assessment of the public health, patient safety, and cybersecurity threats and governance mechanisms to address them has not been conducted. DISCUSSION: Illicit online pharmacies represent a significant global public health and patient safety risk. Existing governance mechanisms are insufficient and include lack of adequate adoption in national regulation, ineffective voluntary governance mechanisms, and uneven global law enforcement efforts that have allowed proliferation of these cybercriminals on the web. In order to effectively address this multistakeholder threat, inclusive global governance strategies that engage the information technology, law enforcement and public health sectors should be established. SUMMARY: Effective global "eHealth Governance" focused on cybercrime is needed in order to effectively combat illicit online pharmacies. This includes building upon existing Internet governance structures and coordinating partnership between the UN Office of Drugs and Crime that leads the global fight against transnational organized crime and the Internet Governance Forum that is shaping the future of Internet governance. Through a UNODC-IGF governance mechanism, investigation, detection and coordination of activities against illicit online pharmacies and their misuse of eDTCA can commence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.