ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2014
Escherichia coli infection induces autoimmune cholangitis and anti-mitochondrial antibodies in non-obese diabetic (NOD).B6 (Idd10/Idd18) mice.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Underestimated and Overlooked Factors in PBC Progression: Bacterial and Fungal Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Progress and prospects of gut microbiota-targeted therapy for primary biliary cholangitis.Gut pathogens · 2025Review
- Gut Microbiota: Implications in Pathogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Target in Primary Biliary Cholangitis.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2025Review
- Antibodies directed against bacterial antigens in sera of Polish patients with primary biliary cholangitis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Animal models of primary biliary cholangitis: status and challenges.Cell & bioscience · 2023Review
- Genetic predisposition of the gastrointestinal microbiome and primary biliary cholangitis: a bi-directional, two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- The intestinal and biliary microbiome in autoimmune liver disease-current evidence and concepts.Seminars in immunopathology · 2022Review
- Clinical impact of antibodies to Sp100 on a bacterial infection in patients with primary biliary cholangitis.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2021Article
- Environmental risk factors are associated with autoimmune hepatitis.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2021Article
- The influence of intermittent hypoxia, obesity, and diabetes on male genitourinary anatomy and voiding physiology.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2021Article
- Review
- Environmental risk factors and comorbidities of primary biliary cholangitis in Korea: a case-control study.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2021Article
- Monoclonal antibody against H1N1 influenza virus hemagglutinin cross reacts with hnRNPA1 and hnRNPA2/B1.Molecular medicine reports · 2020Article
- Animal Models of Autoimmune Liver Diseases: a Comprehensive Review.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2020Review
- Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Brief Overview.Clinical liver disease · 2020Review
- Primary biliary cholangitis: pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2020Review
- Metabolic Dysfunction in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Not Due to Anti-mitochondrial Antibodies.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Article
- The complement system in liver diseases: Evidence-based approach and therapeutic options.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2019Review
- Localization Analysis of Heterophilic Antigen Epitopes of H1N1 Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin.Virologica Sinica · 2019Article
- Pathogen infections and primary biliary cholangitis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) have a higher incidence of urinary tract infections (UTI) and there is significant homology of the immunodominant mitochondrial autoantigen, the E2 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC-E2), between mammals and bacteria. Previous work has demonstrated that non-obese diabetic (NOD).B6 Idd10/Idd18 infected with Novosphingobium aromaticivorans developed liver lesions similar to human PBC. It was postulated that the biliary disease was dependent upon the presence of the unique N. aro glycosphingolipids in activating natural killer T (NK T) cells. To address this issue, we infected NOD.B6 Idd10/Idd18 mice with either Escherichia coli, N. aro or use of a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) vehicle control and serially followed animals for the appearance of liver pathology and anti-mitochondrial autoantibodies (AMA). Of striking importance, the biliary disease of E. coli-infected mice was more severe than N. Aro-infected mice and the titre of AMA was higher in E. coli-infected mice. Furthermore, the immunopathology did not correlate with the ability of bacterial extracts to produce antigen-dependent activation of NK T cells. Our data suggest that the unique glycosphingolipids of N. aro are not required for the development of autoimmune cholangitis. Importantly, the data highlight the clinical significance of E. coli infection in a genetically susceptible host, and we suggest that the appearance of autoimmune cholangitis is dependent upon molecular mimicry. These data highlight that breach of tolerance to PDC-E2 is probably the first event in the natural history of PBC in genetically susceptible hosts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.