Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24125450›Full record

ArticleThe international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease2013

Dose-response association between salivary cotinine levels and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

S S Shin, R Laniado-Laborin, P G Moreno, T E Novotny, S A Strathdee, R S Garfein

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

S S ShinJoint Doctoral Program in Public Health (Global Health), San Diego State University/University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
R Laniado-Laborin
P G Moreno
T E Novotny
S A Strathdee
R S Garfein

Funding

Impact of Drug Policy Reform on the HIV Risk Environment among IDUs in TijuanaR37DA019829 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI STRATHDEE, STEFFANIE A. · 2010 to 2019
$6.7M
Drug tourism to Mexico: Impact of Mexicos new drug law on HIV-HCV-TB in US IDUsR01DA031074 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI GARFEIN, RICHARD S · 2011 to 2015
$3.2M
AIDS International Training Program in the US Mexico Border RegionD43TW008633 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI STRATHDEE, STEFFANIE A. · 2010 to 2014
$1.5M
Cigarette Smoking and Tuberculosis among Injection Drug Users in Tijuana, MexicoR36DA033152 · NIDA · SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI SHIN, SANGHYUK SAM · 2012 to 2013
$106k
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW008633NIDA NIH HHS 1R36DA033152NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA031074NIDA NIH HHS R36 DA033152NIDA NIH HHS R37 DA019829NIDA NIH HHS R37DA019829PHS HHS NIDA R01DA031074
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

settingTijuana, Mexico.

objectiveTo describe the association between salivary cotinine levels and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release assay results.

designWe conducted a cross-sectional study among injection drug users. Salivary cotinine levels were measured using NicAlert, a semi-quantitative dipstick assay. QuantiFERON©-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) was used to determine Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

resultsAmong 234 participants, the prevalence of QFT-GIT positivity for NicAlert cotinine categories 0 (non-smoking), 1 (second-hand smoke exposure or low-level smoking) and 26 (regular smoking) were respectively 42.1%, 46.4% and 65.2% (Ptrend 0.012). We found increasing trends in QFT-GIT positivity (Ptrend 0.003) and IFN-γ concentrations (Spearman's r 0.200, P 0.002) across cotinine levels 0 to 6. In multivariable log-binomial regression models adjusted for education, cotinine levels were not associated with QFT-GIT positivity when included as smoking categories (1 and 26 vs. 0), but were independently associated with QFT-GIT positivity when included as an ordinal variable (prevalence ratio 1.09 per 1 cotinine level, 95%CI 1.021.16).

conclusionOur findings suggest that a dose-response relationship exists between tobacco smoke exposure and M. tuberculosis infection. Longitudinal studies that use biochemical measures for smoking status are needed to confirm our findings.

Indexed as

AdultChi-Square DistributionCotinineCross-Sectional StudiesDose-Response Relationship, DrugDrug UsersFemaleHumansInterferon-gamma Release TestsMaleMexicoMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisMycobacterium tuberculosisPredictive Value of TestsPrevalenceCotinineReagent Strips

Identifiers

PMID24125450
PMCPMC3801225

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.