ArticleJournal of diabetes science and technology2013
Infrared thermal imaging for automated detection of diabetic foot complications.
Article in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Telehealth and telemedicine applications for the diabetic foot: A systematic review.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2020Pooled it
- The Role of Infrared Thermography in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Diabetic Foot Infection: A Systematic Review.Infectious disease reports · 2026Review
- Macro- and microcirculatory factors affecting foot temperature change during walking.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Use of thermal imaging in the detection of the diabetic foot- review.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- AI-Powered Thermography for Diabetic Foot Risk Stratification: Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- The Use of AI-Powered Thermography to Detect Early Plantar Thermal Abnormalities in Patients With Diabetes: Cross-Sectional Observational Study.JMIR diabetes · 2025Article
- Article
- Arterial Thoracic Outlet Syndrome-A Case Study of a 23-Year-Old Female Patient Diagnosed Using a Thermal Imaging Camera.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Smart diabetic foot ulcer scoring system.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Update on the Use of Infrared Thermography in the Early Detection of Diabetic Foot Complications: A Bibliographic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Automatic Diabetic Foot Ulcer Recognition Using Multi-Level Thermographic Image Data.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A New Perspective on the Diagnosis of Septic Arthritis: High-Resolution Thermal Imaging.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Hemodynamic assessment in children after cardiac surgery: A pilot study on the value of infrared thermography.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Design and Implementation of a Smart Insole System to Measure Plantar Pressure and Temperature.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Factors Associated with the Local Increase of Skin Temperature, 'Hotspot,' of Callus in Diabetic Foot: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2022Article
- Segmentation of Plantar Foot Thermal Images Using Prior Information.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The Current State of Optical Sensors in Medical Wearables.Biosensors · 2022Review
- Effect of enriched oxygen inhalation on lower limb skin temperatures in diabetic and healthy humans: a pilot study.Diving and hyperbaric medicine · 2022Article
- Evaluation of infrared thermography with a portable camera as a diagnostic tool for peripheral arterial disease of the lower limbs compared with color Doppler ultrasonography.Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases · 2022Article
- A review of non-invasive sensors and artificial intelligence models for diabetic foot monitoring.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough thermal imaging can be a valuable technology in the prevention and management of diabetic foot disease, it is not yet widely used in clinical practice. Technological advancement in infrared imaging increases its application range. The aim was to explore the first steps in the applicability of high-resolution infrared thermal imaging for noninvasive automated detection of signs of diabetic foot disease.
methodsThe plantar foot surfaces of 15 diabetes patients were imaged with an infrared camera (resolution, 1.2 mm/pixel): 5 patients had no visible signs of foot complications, 5 patients had local complications (e.g., abundant callus or neuropathic ulcer), and 5 patients had diffuse complications (e.g., Charcot foot, infected ulcer, or critical ischemia). Foot temperature was calculated as mean temperature across pixels for the whole foot and for specified regions of interest (ROIs).
resultsNo differences in mean temperature >1.5 °C between the ipsilateral and the contralateral foot were found in patients without complications. In patients with local complications, mean temperatures of the ipsilateral and the contralateral foot were similar, but temperature at the ROI was >2 °C higher compared with the corresponding region in the contralateral foot and to the mean of the whole ipsilateral foot. In patients with diffuse complications, mean temperature differences of >3 °C between ipsilateral and contralateral foot were found.
conclusionsWith an algorithm based on parameters that can be captured and analyzed with a high-resolution infrared camera and a computer, it is possible to detect signs of diabetic foot disease and to discriminate between no, local, or diffuse diabetic foot complications. As such, an intelligent telemedicine monitoring system for noninvasive automated detection of signs of diabetic foot disease is one step closer. Future studies are essential to confirm and extend these promising early findings.
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