ArticlePloS one2013
Monitoring Hip and Elbow Dysplasia achieved modest genetic improvement of 74 dog breeds over 40 years in USA.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk Factors for Canine Osteoarthritis and Its Predisposing Arthropathies: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2020Pooled it
- Prevalence of hip and elbow dysplasia in young adult dogs in Sweden.The Veterinary record · 2026Article
- Coronoid process sclerosis as a reproducible and highly heritable risk predictor of medial coronoid disease in labrador retrievers.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Scope for a threshold animal model for genetic evaluation for hip dysplasia.Journal of applied genetics · 2025Article
- Analysis of the Hip Status of Golden Retrievers in Brazil-A Study of Health and Genetic Improvement.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Genetic analyses of lumbosacral transitional vertebra and hip dysplasia in nine dog breeds in Norway.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Two Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stem-Cells Injections to Osteoarthritic Elbows in Dogs-Pilot Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Identification of Candidate Genes Associated with Yak Body Size Using a Genome-Wide Association Study and Multiple Populations of Information.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Computed tomography findings in a cohort of 169 dogs with elbow dysplasia - a retrospective study.BMC veterinary research · 2021Article
- Effects of Long-Term Selection in the Border Collie Dog Breed: Inbreeding Purge of Canine Hip and Elbow Dysplasia.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
- Epidemiology and clinical management of elbow joint disease in dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK.Canine medicine and genetics · 2020Article
- The association of genetic polymorphisms of bone formation genes with canine hip dysplasia.Iranian journal of veterinary research · 2020Article
- Genetic dissection of canine hip dysplasia phenotypes and osteoarthritis reveals three novel loci.BMC genomics · 2019Article
- Prevalence of Canine Hip Dysplasia in Switzerland Between 1995 and 2016-A Retrospective Study in 5 Common Large Breeds.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2019Article
- Disease prevalence among young dogs in Grand Tunis, Tunisia: A retrospective study.Veterinary world · 2019Article
- Article
- Joint Genomic Prediction of Canine Hip Dysplasia in UK and US Labrador Retrievers.Frontiers in genetics · 2018Article
- Long-term genetic selection reduced prevalence of hip and elbow dysplasia in 60 dog breeds.PloS one · 2017Article
- Article
- Selection of Breeding Stock among Australian Purebred Dog Breeders, with Particular Emphasis on the Dam.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hip (HD) and Elbow Dysplasia (ED) are two common complex developmental disorders of dogs. In order to decrease their prevalence and severity, the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) has a voluntary registry of canine hip and elbow conformation certified by boarded radiologists. However, the voluntarily reports have been severely biased against exposing dogs with problems, especially at beginning period. Fluctuated by additional influential factors such as age, the published raw scores barely showed trends of improvement. In this study, we used multiple-trait mixed model to simultaneously adjust these factors and incorporate pedigree to derive Estimated Breeding Values (EBV). A total of 1,264,422 dogs from 74 breeds were evaluated for EBVs from 760,455 hip scores and 135,409 elbow scores. These EBVs have substantially recovered the reporting bias and the other influences. Clear and steady trends of genetic improvement were observed over the 40 years since 1970. The total genetic improvements were 16.4% and 1.1% of the phenotypic standard deviation for HD and ED, respectively. The incidences of dysplasia were 0.83% and 2.08%, and the heritabilities were estimated as 0.22 and 0.17 for hip and elbow scores, respectively. The genetic correlation between them was 0.12. We conclude that EBV is more effective than reporting raw phenotype. The weak genetic correlation suggested that selection based on hip scores would also slightly improve elbow scores but it is necessary to allocate effort toward improvement of elbow scores alone.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.