ReviewApplied and environmental microbiology2013
Bacteriophage orphan DNA methyltransferases: insights from their bacterial origin, function, and occurrence.
Review in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 170 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
170 citing papers in PubMed, 253 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Article
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- Antimicrobial Potential and Genomic Insights of Novel Klebsiella Phage SBP against K-112 Serotype.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- CRISPR-anti-CRISPR dynamics: evolutionary, ecological and biotechnological perspectives.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Bacteria and phage consortia modulate cecal SCFA production and host metabolism to enhance feed efficiency in ducks.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Viral communities from long-term anaerobic alkane-oxidizing enrichment cultures encode predicted cell surface adhesion functions.The ISME journal · 2026Article
- Epigenetic regulation and antimicrobial resistance: functional roles of DNA methylation.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Ecology of prokaryotic DNA viruses in a highly impacted coastal lagoon revealed through comparative and temporal metagenomics.ISME communications · 2026Article
- Immunity: defense against infections essential for all living organisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Biology of host-dependent restriction-modification in prokaryotes.EcoSal Plus · 2025Review
110 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Type II DNA methyltransferases (MTases) are enzymes found ubiquitously in the prokaryotic world, where they play important roles in several cellular processes, such as host protection and epigenetic regulation. Three classes of type II MTases have been identified thus far in bacteria which function in transferring a methyl group from S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) to a target nucleotide base, forming N-6-methyladenine (class I), N-4-methylcytosine (class II), or C-5-methylcytosine (class III). Often, these MTases are associated with a cognate restriction endonuclease (REase) to form a restriction-modification (R-M) system protecting bacterial cells from invasion by foreign DNA. When MTases exist alone, which are then termed orphan MTases, they are believed to be mainly involved in regulatory activities in the bacterial cell. Genomes of various lytic and lysogenic phages have been shown to encode multi- and mono-specific orphan MTases that have the ability to confer protection from restriction endonucleases of their bacterial host(s). The ability of a phage to overcome R-M and other phage-targeting resistance systems can be detrimental to particular biotechnological processes such as dairy fermentations. Conversely, as phages may also be beneficial in certain areas such as phage therapy, phages with additional resistance to host defenses may prolong the effectiveness of the therapy. This minireview will focus on bacteriophage-encoded MTases, their prevalence and diversity, as well as their potential origin and function.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.