ArticleImmunity2013
A single peptide-major histocompatibility complex ligand triggers digital cytokine secretion in CD4(+) T cells.
Article in Immunity, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 244 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
244 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 391 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Defining Functional T Cell Receptor Repertoires With Nanovial-Based Screening.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- A "scan and stop" assay identifies CD40 and CD70 as selective regulators of T-cell arrest on APCs.Life science alliance · 2026Article
- T cell engagers in autoimmune diseases.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Integrated in silico-in vitro identification of high-affinity TCR-Like antibodies targeting HPV18 E6/E7 for cervical cancer detection.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Membrane-Based Assembly and Interactions in Immune Receptors.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Transformative biomechanics and mechanobiology breakthroughs shaping the future of health and medicine.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Review
- IDR-induced CAR condensation improves the cytotoxicity of CAR-Ts against low-antigen cancers.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- Mechanotransduction through T cell receptors: consensus, controversies and future outlooks.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- The geometry of pMHC-coated nanoparticles and T-cell receptor clusters governs the sensitivity-specificity trade-off in T-cell response: a modeling investigation.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Article
- Post-immunotherapy second-line strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma: State of the art and ongoing trials.World journal of gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Re-imagining T-cell receptor signaling: parallel paths may be key to discriminatory power.Journal of biosciences · 2026Article
- T cell decision-making decodes the dynamic antigenic landscape.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- T cell costimulatory and inhibitory signals differentially modulate LAT condensate nucleation propensity after TCR ligation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The role of NK cells in regulating tumorimmunity: current state, challenges and future strategies.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- DNA Origami Tension Sensors (DOTS) for Single-Molecule Force Measurements at Fluid Intermembrane Junctions.Nano letters · 2025Article
- Integration of phospho-signaling and transcriptomics in single cells reveals distinct Th17 cell fates.Cell reports · 2025Article
- CD4+T-cells create a stable mechanical environment for force-sensitive TCR:pMHC interactions.Nature communications · 2025Article
184 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We have developed a single-molecule imaging technique that uses quantum-dot-labeled peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) ligands to study CD4(+) T cell functional sensitivity. We found that naive T cells, T cell blasts, and memory T cells could all be triggered by a single pMHC to secrete tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) cytokines with a rate of ∼1,000, ∼10,000, and ∼10,000 molecules/min, respectively, and that additional pMHCs did not augment secretion, indicating a digital response pattern. We also found that a single pMHC localized to the immunological synapse induced the slow formation of a long-lasting T cell receptor (TCR) cluster, consistent with a serial engagement mechanism. These data show that scaling up CD4(+) T cell cytokine responses involves increasingly efficient T cell recruitment rather than greater cytokine production per cell.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.