ArticleBMC oral health2013
Developmental delays and dental caries in low-income preschoolers in the USA: a pilot cross-sectional study and preliminary explanatory model.
Article in BMC oral health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and determinants of developmental delay among children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Anthropometric measurements and dental caries in children: a systematic review of longitudinal studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2015Pooled it
- Associations of early childhood caries and child intelligence quotient: evidence from the Shanghai Birth Cohort.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Caries Experience and Severity among Students with Disabilities in Sokoto, Nigeria.Frontiers in dentistry · 2025Article
- A Mixed-Methods Study on Topical Fluoride Beliefs and Refusal Behaviors for Caregivers of Children with Special Health Care Needs.Maternal and child health journal · 2024Article
- Dental Caries in Medicaid-Insured Preschool Children With or Without Special Health Care Needs in Northeast Ohio.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Children's Dental Fear: Occurrence Mechanism and Prevention Guidance.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2023Review
- Oral health behaviours and dental caries in low-income children with special healthcare needs: A prospective observational study.International journal of paediatric dentistry · 2020Observational
- Preventive dental care use for children with special health care needs in Washington's Access to Baby and Child Dentistry program.Journal of the American Dental Association (1939) · 2019Article
- Common dental diseases in children and malocclusion.International journal of oral science · 2018Review
- The effect of social geographic factors on the untreated tooth decay among head start children.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2017Article
- A case report on dental management of a toddler with Pachygyria.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2017Article
- Factors associated with caries: a survey of students from southern Brazil.Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo · 2016Article
- SBIRT-Based Interventions to Improve Pediatric Oral Health Behaviors and Outcomes: Considerations for Future Behavioral SBIRT Interventions in Dentistry.Current oral health reports · 2016Article
- Oral health services within community-based organizations for young children with special health care needs.Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry · 2016Article
- Required propofol dose for anesthesia and time to emerge are affected by the use of antiepileptics: prospective cohort study.BMC anesthesiology · 2015Observational
- Article
- Prevalence and Severity of Dental Caries Among Schoolchildren in Libya: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community DentistryReview
- Preventive dental health care experiences of preschool-age children with special health care needs.Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric DentistryArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAnecdotal evidence suggests that low-income preschoolers with developmental delays are at increased risk for dental caries and poor oral health, but there are no published studies based on empirical data. The purpose of this pilot study was two-fold: to examine the relationship between developmental delays and dental caries in low-income preschoolers and to present a preliminary explanatory model on the determinants of caries for enrollees in Head Start, a U.S. school readiness program for low-income preschool-aged children.
methodsData were collected on preschoolers ages 3-5 years at two Head Start centers in Washington, USA (N = 115). The predictor variable was developmental delay status (no/yes). The outcome variable was the prevalence of decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (dmfs) on primary teeth. We used multiple variable Poisson regression models to test the hypothesis that within a population of low-income preschoolers, those with developmental delays would have increased dmfs prevalence than those without developmental delays.
resultsSeventeen percent of preschoolers had a developmental delay and 51.3% of preschoolers had ≥1 dmfs. Preschoolers with developmental delays had a dmfs prevalence ratio that was 1.26 times as high as preschoolers without developmental delays (95% CI: 1.01, 1.58; P < .04). Other factors associated with increased dmfs prevalence ratios included: not having a dental home (P = .01); low caregiver education (P < .001); and living in a non-fluoridated community (P < .001).
conclusionsOur pilot data suggest that developmental delays among low-income preschoolers are associated with increased primary tooth dmfs. Additional research is needed to further examine this relationship. Future interventions and policies should focus on caries prevention strategies within settings like Head Start classrooms that serve low-income preschool-aged children with additional targeted home- and community-based interventions for those with developmental delays.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.