ReviewPediatric diabetes2013
Glycemic extremes in youth with T1DM: the structural and functional integrity of the developing brain.
Review in Pediatric diabetes, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glycemic extremes are related to cognitive dysfunction in children with type 1 diabetes: A meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2018Pooled it
- Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus multiple daily injection regimens in children and young people at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes: pragmatic randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2019Trial
- Acute brain responses to hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2025Observational
- The Role of Ultra-Rapid-Acting Insulin Analogs in Diabetes: An Expert Consensus.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Article
- The effects of diabetes on attention function: a comparative analysis of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and their healthy peers.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Altered metabolic profiles in male offspring conceived from intracytoplasmic sperm injection.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Approach to the Neonate With Hypoglycemia.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Review
- 14. Children and Adolescents: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024.Diabetes care · 2024Review
- Potential Role of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in the Treatment of Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Diabetes Mellitus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Altered gray matter volume in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Missed meal boluses and poorer glycemic control impact on neurocognitive function may be associated with white matter integrity in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- 14. Children and Adolescents: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023.Diabetes care · 2023Review
- Metabolic Treatment of Wolfram Syndrome.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Impact of glucose metabolism on the developing brain.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Priorities in the Interdisciplinary Approach of Specific Learning Disorders (SLD) in Children with Type I Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). From Theory to Practice.Brain sciences · 2020Review
- Brain alterations in high fat diet induced obesity: effects of tart cherry seeds and juice.Nutrients · 2020Article
- The rate of hyperglycemia and ketosis with insulin degludec-based treatment compared with insulin detemir in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes: An analysis of data from two randomized trials.Pediatric diabetes · 2019Article
- Severity of clinical presentation in youth with type 1 diabetes is associated with differences in brain structure.Pediatric diabetes · 2017Article
- Altered Integration of Structural Covariance Networks in Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes.Human brain mapping · 2016Article
- Management of Hypoglycemia in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.Current diabetes reports · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The adult brain accounts for a disproportionally large percentage of the body’s total energy consumption (1). However, during brain development,energy demand is even higher, reaching the adult rate by age 2 and increasing to nearly twice the adult rate by age 10, followed by gradual reduction toward adult levels in the next decade (1,2). The dramatic changes in brain metabolism occurring over the first two decades of life coincide with the initial proliferation and then pruning of synapses to adult levels.The brain derives its energy almost exclusively from glucose and is largely driven by neuronal signaling, biosynthesis, and neuroprotection (3–6).Glucose homeostasis in the body is tightly regulated by a series of hormones and physiologic responses. As a result, hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia are rare occurrences in normal individuals, but they occur commonly inpatients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) due to a dysfunction of peripheral glucose-insulin-glucagon responses and non-physiologic doses of exogenous insulin, which imperfectly mimic normal physiology. These extremes can occur more frequently in children and adolescents with T1DM due to the inadequacies of insulin replacement therapy, events leading to the diagnosis [prolonged untreated hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)], and to behavioral factors interfering with optimal treatment. When faced with fluctuations in glucose supply the metabolism of the body and brain change dramatically, largely to conserve resources and, at a cost to other organs, to preserve brain function (7). However,if the normal physiological mechanisms that prevent these severe glucose fluctuations and maintain homeostasis are impaired, neuronal function and potentially viability can be affected (8–11).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.