ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2013
Serum electrolyte levels in relation to macrovascular complications in Chinese patients with diabetes mellitus.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sodium status is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.European journal of nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Sialyllactose Alleviates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes through Anti-Inflammatory and Metabolic Modulation.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Ionized and total magnesium levels and health outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Serum magnesium, not calcium, is inversely associated with abnormal HbA1c concentrations in adults with coronary artery disease.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Serum Magnesium Levels Are Negatively Associated with Obesity and Abdominal Obesity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Real-World Study.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2024Article
- Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and health outcomes of dysmagnesemia measured by ionized and total body concentrations among medically hospitalized patients.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Protective Effects of Vanillic Acid and Vanillic Acid-Coated Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.Journal of diabetes research · 2024Article
- Relationship between electrolytes and glycated hemoglobin among diabetic patients with poor adherence to antidiabetic medications: a cross-sectional study.The Pan African medical journal · 2024Article
- Assessment of Electrolyte Imbalance and Associated Factors Among Adult Diabetic Patients Attending the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- New clusters of serum electrolytes aid in stratification of diabetes and metabolic risk.Journal of diabetes · 2022Article
- Type 2 diabetes control and complications and their relation to serum magnesium level.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2022Article
- The association between normal serum sodium levels and bone turnover in patients with type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Tear electrolyte assessment of diabetic patients in Southern Nigeria.African health sciences · 2019Article
- Pattern of electrolyte imbalance in Type 2 diabetes patients: Experience from a tertiary care hospital.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2019Article
- Assessment of Selected Serum Electrolyte and Associated Risk Factors in Diabetic Patients.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2019Article
- Oral magnesium supplementation improves glycemic control and lipid profile in children with type 1 diabetes and hypomagnesaemia.Medicine · 2017Observational
- The Antidiabetic Activity ofEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2017Article
- Status of serum magnesium in Egyptian children with type 1 diabetes and its correlation to glycemic control and lipid profile.Medicine · 2016Article
- Low serum magnesium levels are associated with impaired peripheral nerve function in type 2 diabetic patients.Scientific reports · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence of diabetes in China is increasing rapidly. However, scarce data are available on serum electrolyte levels in Chinese adults with diabetes, especially in those with cardiovascular complications. This study measured serum electrolyte levels and examined their relationship with macrovascular complications in Chinese adults with diabetes.
methodsThe three gender- and age-matched groups were enrolled into this analysis, which were 1,170 subjects with normal glucose regulation (NGR), 389 with impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and 343 with diabetes. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour post-load plasma glucose (2hPG), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and serum electrolyte levels were measured. Data collection included ankle brachial index results.
resultsSerum sodium and magnesium levels in the diabetes group were significantly decreased compared to the NGR group (sodium: 141.0 ± 2.4 vs. 142.1 ± 2.0 mmol/l; magnesium: 0.88 ± 0.08 vs. 0.91 ± 0.07 mmol/l, all P < 0.01), while the serum calcium level was significantly increased (2.36 ± 0.11 vs. 2.33 ± 0.09 mmol/l, P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression showed that serum sodium and magnesium levels in the diabetes group were negatively correlated with FPG, 2hPG and HbA1c (sodium: Std β = -0.35, -0.19, -0.25; magnesium: Std β = -0.29, -0.17, -0.34, all P < 0.01), while the serum calcium level was positively correlated with HbA1c (Std β = 0.17, P < 0.05). In diabetic subjects, serum sodium, magnesium and potassium levels were decreased in the subjects with the elevation of estimated glomerular filtration rates (P < 0.05). ANCOVA analysis suggested that serum magnesium level in subjects with diabetic macrovascular complications was significantly decreased compared with diabetic subjects without macrovascular complications after the effect of some possible confounding being removed (P < 0.05).
conclusionsSerum sodium and magnesium levels were decreased in Chinese subjects with diabetes, while the observed increase in calcium level correlated with increasing glucose level. Diabetic patients with macrovascular complications had lower serum magnesium level than those with no macrovascular complications.
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