ArticleJournal of virology2013
Evolution of the hemagglutinin protein of the new pandemic H1N1 influenza virus: maintaining optimal receptor binding by compensatory substitutions.
Article in Journal of virology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genomic Characterization and Structural Insights Into the Evolution of Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in Northeast India From 2009 to 2024.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Viral lineage and mode of exposure modulate within-host spatial dynamics of influenza A viruses in a guinea pig model.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Genetic Optimization of Early 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Vaccine Strains for Improved Replication in Embryonated Chicken Eggs.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Viral lineage and mode of exposure modulate within host spatial dynamics of influenza A viruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Air-liquid interface model for influenza aerosol exposureJournal of virology · 2025Article
- Analysis of Epidemiological and Evolutionary Characteristics of Seasonal Influenza Viruses in Shenzhen City from 2018 to 2024.Viruses · 2025Article
- Evolutionary dynamics and molecular epidemiology of H1N1 pandemic 2009 influenza A viruses across swine farms in Denmark.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- Deep mutational scanning of H5 hemagglutinin to inform influenza virus surveillance.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- MutaGAN: A sequence-to-sequence GAN framework to predict mutations of evolving protein populations.Virus evolution · 2023Article
- Evolution of Indian Influenza A (H1N1) Hemagglutinin Strains: A Comparative Analysis of the Pandemic Californian HA Strain.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Article
- Molecular Characterization of Seasonal Influenza A and B from Hospitalized Patients in Thailand in 2018-2019.Viruses · 2021Article
- Article
- Epidemiological and genetic characteristics of influenza virus and the effects of air pollution on laboratory-confirmed influenza cases in Hulunbuir, China, from 2010 to 2019.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- Whole-genome sequencing reveals origin and evolution of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses in Lincang, China, from 2014 to 2018.PloS one · 2020Article
- Article
- Evolutionary, genetic, structural characterization and its functional implications for the influenza A (H1N1) infection outbreak in India from 2009 to 2017.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Epidemiological and genetic characterization of pH1N1 and H3N2 influenza viruses circulated in MENA region during 2009-2017.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Enhanced Human-Type Receptor Binding by Ferret-Transmissible H5N1 with a K193T Mutation.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Sweep Dynamics (SD) plots: Computational identification of selective sweeps to monitor the adaptation of influenza A viruses.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Isolation and Characterization of Human Monoclonal Antibodies That Recognize the Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus Hemagglutinin Receptor-Binding Site and Rarely Yield Escape Mutant Viruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Pandemic influenza A H1N1 (pH1N1) virus emerged in 2009. In the subsequent 4 years, it acquired several genetic changes in its hemagglutinin (HA). Mutations may be expected while virus is adapting to the human host or upon evasion from adaptive immune responses. However, pH1N1 has not displayed any major antigenic changes so far. We examined the effect of the amino acid substitutions found to be most frequently occurring in the pH1N1 HA protein before 1 April 2012 on the receptor-binding properties of the virus by using recombinant soluble HA trimers. Two changes (S186P and S188T) were shown to increase the receptor-binding avidity of HA, whereas two others (A137T and A200T) decreased binding avidity. Construction of an HA protein tree revealed the worldwide emergence of several HA variants during the past few influenza seasons. Strikingly, two major variants harbor combinations of substitutions (S186P/A137T and S188T/A200T, respectively) with opposite individual effects on binding. Stepwise reconstruction of the HA proteins of these variants demonstrated that the mutations that increase receptor-binding avidity are compensated for by the acquisition of subsequent mutations. The combination of these substitutions restored the receptor-binding properties (avidity and specificity) of these HA variants to those of the parental virus. The results strongly suggest that the HA of pH1N1 was already optimally adapted to the human host upon its emergence in April 2009. Moreover, these results are in agreement with a recent model for antigenic drift, in which influenza A virus mutants with high and low receptor-binding avidity alternate.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.