ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2014
A novel strain of Clostridium botulinum that produces type B and type H botulinum toxins.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 153 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
153 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Efficacy of Antitoxin Therapy in Treating Patients With Foodborne Botulism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cases, 1923-2016.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Pooled it
- Workgroup Report by the Joint Task Force Involving American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI); Food Allergy, Anaphylaxis, Dermatology and Drug Allergy (FADDA) (Adverse Reactions to Foods Committee and Adverse Reactions to Drugs, Biologicals, and Latex Committee); and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Botulism Clinical Treatment Guidelines Workgroup-Allergic Reactions to Botulinum Antitoxin: A Systematic Review.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Pooled it
- Guideline
- The Use of Botulinum Toxin in the Management of Headache Disorders.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2021Trial
- Safety and pharmacokinetics of XOMA 3AB, a novel mixture of three monoclonal antibodies against botulinum toxin A.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2014Trial
- Advances in Clostridial Neurotoxins: Passage of the Intestinal Barrier and Targeting of Specific Neuronal Cells.Toxins · 2026Review
- Development and Humanization of a Camelid-Derived Neutralizing Nanobody Targeting Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Development and Functional Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies for Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Botulism type C outbreak in free-ranging wild birds in a public urban park in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo state, Brazil.Open veterinary journal · 2025Article
- A Critical Review of Postbiotics as Promising Novel Therapeutic Agents for Clostridial Infections.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- Production of monoclonal antibodies against botulinum neurotoxin inHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Passive Immunisation in the Treatment of Infectious Diseases Related to Highly Potent Bacterial Toxins.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Elevated incidence of infant botulism in a 17-county area of the Mid-Atlantic region in the United States, 2000-2019, including association with soil types.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Significant Differences in Intestinal Bacterial Communities of Sympatric Bean Goose, Hooded Crane, and Domestic Goose.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Embracing the Versatility of Botulinum Neurotoxins in Conventional and New Therapeutic Applications.Toxins · 2024Review
- Botulism Cases in Romania-An Overview of 14-Year National Surveillance Data.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- An outbreak of type C botulism in free-ranging Southern lapwing (Vanellus chilensis).Veterinary research communications · 2024Article
- Comparative Phylogenetic Analysis and Protein Prediction Reveal the Taxonomy and Diverse Distribution of Virulence Factors in FoodborneEvolutionary bioinformatics online · 2024Article
- Novel platform for engineering stable and effective vaccines against botulinum neurotoxins A, B and E.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Review
93 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on byReply to Korch.2014
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundClostridium botulinum strain IBCA10-7060, isolated from a patient with infant botulism, produced botulinum neurotoxin type B (BoNT/B) and another BoNT that, by use of the standard mouse bioassay, could not be neutralized by any of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-provided monovalent polyclonal botulinum antitoxins raised against BoNT types A-G. METHODS AND
resultsThe combining of antitoxins to neutralize the toxicity of known bivalent C. botulinum strains Ab, Ba, Af, and Bf also failed to neutralize the second BoNT. Analysis of culture filtrate by double immunodiffusion yielded a single line of immunoprecipitate with anti-A, anti-B, and anti-F botulinum antitoxins but not with anti-E antitoxin. A heptavalent F(ab')2 botulinum antitoxin A-G obtained from the US Army also did not neutralize the second BoNT. An antitoxin raised against IBCA10-7060 toxoid protected mice against BoNT/B (Okra) and against the second BoNT but did not protect mice against BoNT/A (Hall) or BoNT/F (Langeland).
conclusionThe second BoNT thus fulfilled classic criteria for being designated BoNT/H. IBCA10-7060 is the first C. botulinum type Bh strain to be identified. BoNT/H is the first new botulinum toxin type to be recognized in >40 years, and its recognition could not have been accomplished without the availability of the mouse bioassay.
Indexed as
Identifiers
24106296What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.