ArticleEndocrinology2013
The effects of testosterone deprivation and supplementation on proteasomal and autophagy activity in the skeletal muscle of the male mouse: differential effects on high-androgen responder and low-androgen responder muscle groups.
Article in Endocrinology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacological hypogonadism impairs molecular transducers of exercise-induced muscle growth in humans.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2022Trial
- Molecular Regulators of Muscle Mass and Mitochondrial Remodeling Are Not Influenced by Testosterone Administration in Young Women.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Trial
- Non-cell autonomous autophagy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A new promising target?Neurobiology of disease · 2026Review
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- Testosterone exacerbates neutrophilia and cardiac injury in myocardial infarction via actions in bone marrow.Nature communications · 2025Article
- BCAA metabolism: the Achilles' heel of ovarian cancer, polycystic ovary syndrome, and premature ovarian failure.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Cancer Cachexia.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Sexual dimorphisms in skeletal muscle: current concepts and research horizons.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2024Review
- Bone health and body composition in prostate cancer: Meet-URO and AIOM consensus about prevention and management strategies.ESMO open · 2024Article
- Influence of gonadectomy on muscle health in micro- and partial-gravity environments in rats.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- Androgen receptor-dependent regulation of metabolism in high grade bladder cancer cells.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Castration of Male Mice Induces Metabolic Remodeling of the Heart.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2022Article
- Efficacious Androgen Hormone Administration in Combination with Adeno-Associated Virus Vector-Mediated Gene Therapy in Female Mice with Pompe Disease.Human gene therapy · 2022Article
- Systemic delivery of a mitochondria targeted antioxidant partially preserves limb muscle mass and grip strength in response to androgen deprivation.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2021Article
- Androgen depletion alters the diurnal patterns to signals that regulate autophagy in the limb skeletal muscle.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2021Article
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- Differential Autophagy Response in Men and Women After Muscle Damage.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Exercise as a therapy for cancer-induced muscle wasting.Sports medicine and health science · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Men with prostate cancer who receive androgen deprivation therapy show profound skeletal muscle loss. We hypothesized that the androgen deficiency activates not only the ubiquitin-proteasome systems but also the autophagy and affects key aspects of the molecular cross talk between protein synthesis and degradation. Here, 2-month-old male mice were castrated and treated with either testosterone (T) propionate or vehicle for 7 days (short term) or 43 days (long term), and with and without hydroxyflutamide. Castrated mice showed rapid and profound atrophy of the levator ani muscle (high androgen responder) at short term and lesser atrophy of the triceps muscle (low androgen responder) at long term. Levator ani and triceps muscles of castrated mice showed increased level of autophagy markers and lysosome enzymatic activity; only the levator ani showed increased proteasomal enzymatic activity. The levator ani muscle of the castrated mice showed increased level and activation of forkhead box protein O3A, the inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamicyn, and the activation of tuberous sclerosis complex protein 2 and 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase. Similar results were obtained in the triceps muscle of castrated mice. T rescued the loss of muscle mass after orchiectomy and inhibited lysosome and proteasome pathways dose dependently and in a seemingly IGF-I-dependent manner. Hydroxyflutamide attenuated the effect of T in the levator ani muscle of castrated mice. In conclusion, androgen deprivation in adult mice induces muscle atrophy associated with proteasomal and lysosomal activity. T optimizes muscle protein balance by modulating the equilibrium between mechanistic target of rapamicyn and 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase pathways.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.