ArticleToxins2013
Small chemical chromatin effectors alter secondary metabolite production in Aspergillus clavatus.
Article in Toxins, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- 5mC and 6mA DNA Methylation in the Fungal Kingdom: From Genome Defense to Epigenetic Regulation.Epigenomes · 2026Review
- Beauveria bassiana GHA strain produces a plethora of chemical compounds under different culture conditions.Folia microbiologica · 2026Article
- Advances in natural product discovery: strategies, technologies, and insights.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Review
- Article
- A Close View of the Production of Bioactive Fungal Metabolites Mediated by Chromatin Modifiers.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Trichostatin-A Modifies the Expression of Trichothecene Mycotoxin Regulatory GeneIranian journal of biotechnology · 2024Article
- Integrated Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analysis Reveal the Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying Sodium Butyrate-Induced Carotenoid Biosynthesis inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The hidden treasures in endophytic fungi: a comprehensive review on the diversity of fungal bioactive metabolites, usual analytical methodologies, and applications.Archives of microbiology · 2024Review
- Chemical Epigenetic Regulation Secondary Metabolites Derived fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Induction of Fungal Secondary Metabolites by Co-Culture with Actinomycete Producing HDAC Inhibitor Trichostatins.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Effects of Epigenetic Modification and High Hydrostatic Pressure on Polyketide Synthase Genes and Secondary Metabolites ofMarine drugs · 2023Article
- Species-specific effects of the introduction of Aspergillus nidulans gfdB in osmophilic aspergilli.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Recent Advances in Search of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Fungi Triggered by Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- How to Completely Squeeze a Fungus-Advanced Genome Mining Tools for Novel Bioactive Substances.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- DNA Methyltransferases: From Evolution to Clinical Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Post-translational modifications drive secondary metabolite biosynthesis in Aspergillus: a review.Environmental microbiology · 2022Review
- Different histone deacetylase inhibitors reduce growth, virulence as well as changes in the morphology of the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2022Article
- Epigenetic Modification: A Key Tool for Secondary Metabolite Production in Microorganisms.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Epigenetic Activation of Silent Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in Endophytic Fungi Using Small Molecular Modifiers.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Fungal Lysine Deacetylases in Virulence, Resistance, and Production of Small Bioactive Compounds.Genes · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The filamentous fungus Aspergillus clavatus is known to produce a variety of secondary metabolites (SM) such as patulin, pseurotin A, and cytochalasin E. In fungi, the production of most SM is strongly influenced by environmental factors and nutrients. Furthermore, it has been shown that the regulation of SM gene clusters is largely based on modulation of a chromatin structure. Communication between fungi and bacteria also triggers chromatin-based induction of silent SM gene clusters. Consequently, chemical chromatin effectors known to inhibit histone deacetylases (HDACs) and DNA-methyltransferases (DNMTs) influence the SM profile of several fungi. In this study, we tested the effect of five different chemicals, which are known to affect chromatin structure, on SM production in A. clavatus using two growth media with a different organic nitrogen source. We found that production of patulin was completely inhibited and cytochalasin E levels strongly reduced, whereas growing A. clavatus in media containing soya-derived peptone led to substantially higher pseurotin A levels. The HDAC inhibitors valproic acid, trichostatin A and butyrate, as well as the DNMT inhibitor 5-azacytidine (AZA) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, which was used as a proxy for bacterial fungal co-cultivation, had profound influence on SM accumulation and transcription of the corresponding biosynthetic genes. However, the repressing effect of the soya-based nitrogen source on patulin production could not be bypassed by any of the small chemical chromatin effectors. Interestingly, AZA influenced some SM cluster genes and SM production although no Aspergillus species has yet been shown to carry detectable DNA methylation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.