ArticleBMC public health2013
FRED (a Framework for Reconstructing Epidemic Dynamics): an open-source software system for modeling infectious diseases and control strategies using census-based populations.
Article in BMC public health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Lessons from a decade of individual-based models for infectious disease transmission: a systematic review (2006-2015).BMC infectious diseases · 2017Pooled it
- The effects of school closures on influenza outbreaks and pandemics: systematic review of simulation studies.PloS one · 2014Pooled it
- MEmilio: a high performance Modular EpideMIcs simuLatIOn software for multi-scale and comparative simulations of infectious disease dynamics.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A comparison of contact patterns derived from the population structure in agent-based models and empirical contact survey data.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- An agent-based model of the effects of limited vaccination on novel respiratory infections.Journal of clinical epidemiology · 2026Article
- Optimization of infectious disease intervention measures using reinforcement learning with UK COVID-19 epidemic data.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Risk mapping novel respiratory pathogens with large-scale dynamic contact networks.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Leveraging generative AI to enhance Synthea model development.JAMIA open · 2026Article
- India's death toll in 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic: insights from delayed official civil registration data.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Epydemix: An open-source Python package for epidemic modeling with integrated approximate Bayesian calibration.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- EpiGeoPop: a tool for developing spatially accurate country-level epidemiological models.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Multilayer networks describing urban interactions for building the digital twins of five cities in Spain.Scientific data · 2025Article
- Analyzing greedy vaccine allocation algorithms for metapopulation disease models.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Estimated Burden of Influenza and Direct and Indirect Benefits of Influenza Vaccination.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Advancing extreme heat risk assessments to better capture individually-experienced temperatures: A new approach to describe individual and subgroup vulnerabilities.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Contact Observations from an Intensive Care Unit.Scientific data · 2025Article
- Synthetic method of analogues for emerging infectious disease forecasting.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Integrating Human Mobility Models with Epidemic Modeling: A Framework for Generating Synthetic Temporal Contact Networks.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Behavior-driven forecasts of neighborhood-level COVID-19 spread in New York City.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Increasing child vaccination coverage can reduce influenza cases across age groups: An agent-based modeling study.The Journal of infection · 2025Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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13 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundMathematical and computational models provide valuable tools that help public health planners to evaluate competing health interventions, especially for novel circumstances that cannot be examined through observational or controlled studies, such as pandemic influenza. The spread of diseases like influenza depends on the mixing patterns within the population, and these mixing patterns depend in part on local factors including the spatial distribution and age structure of the population, the distribution of size and composition of households, employment status and commuting patterns of adults, and the size and age structure of schools. Finally, public health planners must take into account the health behavior patterns of the population, patterns that often vary according to socioeconomic factors such as race, household income, and education levels.
resultsFRED (a Framework for Reconstructing Epidemic Dynamics) is a freely available open-source agent-based modeling system based closely on models used in previously published studies of pandemic influenza. This version of FRED uses open-access census-based synthetic populations that capture the demographic and geographic heterogeneities of the population, including realistic household, school, and workplace social networks. FRED epidemic models are currently available for every state and county in the United States, and for selected international locations.
conclusionsState and county public health planners can use FRED to explore the effects of possible influenza epidemics in specific geographic regions of interest and to help evaluate the effect of interventions such as vaccination programs and school closure policies. FRED is available under a free open source license in order to contribute to the development of better modeling tools and to encourage open discussion of modeling tools being used to evaluate public health policies. We also welcome participation by other researchers in the further development of FRED.
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