Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24101698›Full record

Trial reportDiabetes care2014

Enhancement of vasoreactivity and cognition by intranasal insulin in type 2 diabetes.

Vera Novak, William Milberg, Ying Hao, Medha Munshi, Peter Novak, Andrew Galica, Bradley Manor, Paula Roberson, Suzanne Craft, Amir Abduljalil

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes care, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 112 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
112citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
7.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01206322 phase2completednot on this map

Enhancement of Cerebral Vasoreactivity and Cognition by Intranasal Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes

TypeinterventionalSponsorBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterRan2010 to 2013Enrolled30ConditionsType 2 Diabetes MellitusArmsIntranasal insulin, Placebo
NCT05613491 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Intranasal Insulin Improves Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders in Elderly Patients: a Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorFirst Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityRan2022 to 2023Enrolled438ConditionsPostoperative Neurocognitive DisordersArmsIntranasal insulin, Intranasal saline
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

112 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 200 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Intranasal insulin for improving cognitive function in multiple sclerosis.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025
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52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.

Vera NovakCorresponding author: Vera Novak, vnovak@bidmc.harvard.edu.
William Milberg
Ying Hao
Medha Munshi
Peter Novak
Andrew Galica
Bradley Manor
Paula Roberson
Suzanne Craft
Amir Abduljalil
Harvard University · USBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center · USGeriatric Research Education and Clinical Center · USThe Ohio State University · USUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences · USUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical School · USWake Forest University · US

Funding

THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF INTRA-NASAL INSULIN DETEMIRP50AG005136 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI BAKER, DAVID · 1985 to 2019
$57.2M
Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (UL1)UL1TR000170 · NCATS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI NADLER, LEE MARSHALL · 2012 to 2013
$31.4M
Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (KL2)KL2RR025757 · NCRR · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI NADLER, LEE MARSHALL · 2008 to 2011
$4.1M
Therapeutic Effects of Intranasal Insulin in ADR01AG027415 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI CRAFT, SUZANNE · 2006 to 2008
$1.2M
Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (KL2)KL2TR000168 · NCATS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI NADLER, LEE MARSHALL · 2012 to 2013
$965k
Enhancing cerebral vasoreativity & cognition by intranasal insulin in T2DMR21DK084463 · NIDDK · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI NOVAK, VERA · 2010 to 2011
$466k
NCATS NIH HHS 8KL2TR000168-05NCATS NIH HHS 8UL1TR000170-05NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR000168NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000170NCRR NIH HHS 1KL2RR025757-04NCRR NIH HHS KL2 RR025757NIA NIH HHS 1R01-AG-0287601-A2NIA NIH HHS P50 AG005136NIA NIH HHS R01 AG027415NIA NIH HHS R01-AG-027415NIDDK NIH HHS 5R21-DK-084463-02NIDDK NIH HHS R21 DK084463
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine acute effects of intranasal insulin on regional cerebral perfusion and cognition in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsThis was a proof-of-concept, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention evaluating the effects of a single 40-IU dose of insulin or saline on vasoreactivity and cognition in 15 DM and 14 control subjects. Measurements included regional perfusion, vasodilatation to hypercapnia with 3-Tesla MRI, and neuropsychological evaluation.

resultsIntranasal insulin administration was well tolerated and did not affect systemic glucose levels. No serious adverse events were reported. Across all subjects, intranasal insulin improved visuospatial memory (P ≤ 0.05). In the DM group, an increase of perfusion after insulin administration was greater in the insular cortex compared with the control group (P = 0.0003). Cognitive performance after insulin administration was related to regional vasoreactivity. Improvements of visuospatial memory after insulin administration in the DM group (R(2)adjusted = 0.44, P = 0.0098) and in the verbal fluency test in the control group (R(2)adjusted = 0.64, P = 0.0087) were correlated with vasodilatation in the middle cerebral artery territory.

conclusionsIntranasal insulin administration appears safe, does not affect systemic glucose control, and may provide acute improvements of cognitive function in patients with type 2 DM, potentially through vasoreactivity mechanisms. Intranasal insulin-induced changes in cognitive function may be related to vasodilatation in the anterior brain regions, such as insular cortex that regulates attention-related task performance. Larger studies are warranted to identify long-term effects and predictors of positive cognitive response to intranasal insulin therapy.

Indexed as

Administration, IntranasalBrainCerebrovascular CirculationCognitionDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Double-Blind MethodFemaleHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinMagnetic Resonance AngiographyMaleMemoryMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsVasodilationHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin

Identifiers

PMID24101698
PMCPMC3931384
OpenAlexW2152774501

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.