Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24101476›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013

Neofunctionalization of young duplicate genes in Drosophila.

Raquel Assis, Doris Bachtrog

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 137 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
137citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

137 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Genome-Wide Characterization of theLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Gene function predicts divergence across molecular levels.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Adaptive deletion of functional duplicate genes inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Systematic analysis of noncanonical ribosomal protein paralogs does not provide evidence for specialized functions inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Genome size estimation and evolution trends in Acari.Experimental & applied acarology · 2025
    Article
  19. Evolutionary Changes ofEcology and evolution · 2025
    Article
  20. Article

77 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Raquel AssisDepartment of Integrative Biology, Center for Theoretical Evolutionary Genomics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.
Doris Bachtrog

Funding

The evolution of dosage compensation in DrosophilaR01GM076007 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BACHTROG, DORIS · 2006 to 2020
$3.6M
"Gene Trafficking on an Evolving X Chromosome in Drosophila"R01GM093182 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI BACHTROG, DORIS · 2010 to 2017
$2.7M
Gene duplication in the evolution of novel phenotypes and human diseaseF32GM100673 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI ASSIS, RAQUEL · 2012 to 2013
$74k
NIGMS NIH HHS F32 GM100673NIGMS NIH HHS F32 GM100673-02NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM076007NIGMS NIH HHS R01GM076007NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM093182NIGMS NIH HHS R01GM093182
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gene duplication is a key source of genetic innovation that plays a role in the evolution of phenotypic complexity. Although several evolutionary processes can result in the long-term retention of duplicate genes, their relative contributions in nature are unknown. Here we develop a phylogenetic approach for comparing genome-wide expression profiles of closely related species to quantify the roles of conservation, neofunctionalization, subfunctionalization, and specialization in the preservation of duplicate genes. Application of our method to pairs of young duplicates in Drosophila shows that neofunctionalization, the gain of a novel function in one copy, accounts for the retention of almost two-thirds of duplicate genes. Surprisingly, novel functions nearly always originate in younger (child) copies, whereas older (parent) copies possess functions similar to those of ancestral genes. Further examination of such pairs reveals a strong bias toward RNA-mediated duplication events, implicating asymmetric duplication and positive selection in the evolution of new functions. Moreover, we show that young duplicate genes are expressed primarily in testes and that their expression breadth increases over evolutionary time. This finding supports the "out-of-testes" hypothesis, which posits that testes are a catalyst for the emergence of new genes that ultimately evolve functions in other tissues. Thus, our study highlights the importance of neofunctionalization and positive selection in the retention of young duplicates in Drosophila and illustrates how duplicates become incorporated into novel functional networks over evolutionary time.

Indexed as

Gene Expression ProfilingAnimalsDrosophilaDrosophila melanogasterEvolution, MolecularGenes, DuplicateGenes, InsectGenetic SpeciationModels, GeneticPhylogenyRNATime FactorsRNA

Identifiers

PMID24101476
PMCPMC3808614

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.