ArticleTumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine2014
High-level expression of CXCR4 in breast cancer is associated with early distant and bone metastases.
Article in Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stress Biology in Cancer: Neuroendocrine-Immune Mechanisms Linking Tumor Progression to Translational Interventions.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2026Review
- Circulating tumor cells in breast cancer bone metastasis: mechanisms, clinical relevance, and future directions.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Multifaceted roles of lymphatic and blood endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma: A comprehensive review.World journal of hepatology · 2024Review
- NFκB-Mediated Mechanisms Drive PEDF Expression and Function in Pre- and Post-Menopausal Oestrogen Levels in Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Temporal and spatial characteristics of tumor evolution in a mouse model of oral squamous cell carcinoma.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- Preparation, Optimisation, and In Vitro Evaluation of [Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Potential anticancer properties and mechanisms of thymoquinone in osteosarcoma and bone metastasis.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2022Review
- Review
- CXCL12 Retargeting of an Oncolytic Adenovirus Vector to the Chemokine CXCR4 and CXCR7 Receptors in Breast Cancer.Journal of cancer therapy · 2021Article
- The Role of Inflammation in Breast and Prostate Cancer Metastasis to Bone.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Application of "omics" sciences to the prediction of bone metastases from breast cancer: State of the art.Journal of bone oncology · 2021Review
- The Effect of Hypoxia on the Expression of CXC Chemokines and CXC Chemokine Receptors-A Review of Literature.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Mechanisms of small cell lung cancer metastasis.EMBO molecular medicine · 2021Review
- Increased tumor-infiltrating plasmacytoid dendritic cells promote cancer cell proliferation and invasion via TNF-α/NF-κB/CXCR-4 pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Journal of Cancer · 2021Article
- A non-GPCR-binding partner interacts with a novel surface on β-arrestin1 to mediate GPCR signaling.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
- Tissue-engineered 3D models for elucidating primary and metastatic bone cancer progression.Acta biomaterialia · 2019Review
- PET imaging of chemokine receptor CXCR4 in patients with primary and recurrent breast carcinoma.EJNMMI research · 2018Article
- Thymoquinone Inhibits Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer Cells Through Abrogation of the CXCR4 Signaling Axis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2018Article
- Role of stromal cell-derived factor 1α pathway in bone metastatic prostate cancer.Journal of biomedical research · 2016Review
- CXCL12 retargeting of an adenovirus vector to cancer cells using a bispecific adapter.Oncolytic virotherapy · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metastasis is the most life-threatening complication in all cancers. The chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is expressed at high levels in many breast-cancer tumors and may modulate metastasis. We compared the time-to-metastasis and the sites of metastasis between breast-cancer tumors expressing CXCR4 at high or low levels. We enrolled 191 early breast cancer patients in our study. The expression of CXCR4 was evaluated using immunohistochemical staining, and the patients were divided into low-level (CXCR4-) and high-level (CXCR4+) CXCR4 expression groups. Associations between the patients' level of CXCR4 expression and their basic clinical characteristics, time-to-metastasis, and metastatic sites were examined using a Cox proportional-hazards regression model. A total of 107 CXCR4+ patients (56 %) were identified. No statistical differences were evident in basic characteristics between the CXCR4+ and CXCR4- groups. The CXCR4+ group had a higher incidence of distant metastasis during the first year (10.3 % versus 1.1 %, P = 0.009) and shorter event-free survival (17.43 months versus 27.5 months, P = 0.026) than those of the CXCR4- group. The CXCR4+ group also had a higher incidence of bone metastasis (P = 0.008) than the CXCR4- group. No significant difference in metastasis sites in other organs was observed between the two groups. A high level of CXCR4 expression in breast cancer is associated with early distant and bone metastases. The CXCR4+ phenotype may be a useful predictor for the prevention of early treatment failure and bone metastasis in breast cancer patients. This retrospective study shows that a high expression of CXCR4 in breast cancer is associated with earlier distant metastasis and bone metastasis in breast cancer.
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