Trial reportPloS one2013
Unintended pregnancy among HIV positive couples receiving integrated HIV counseling, testing, and family planning services in Zambia.
Trial report in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00067522 (Family Planning Promotion to Prevent Unplanned Pregnancies in HIV Infected Zambian Couples), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Family Planning Promotion to Prevent Unplanned Pregnancies in HIV Infected Zambian Couples
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Behavioral interventions for improving contraceptive use among women living with HIV.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Contraceptive discontinuation and switching among couples receiving integrated HIV and family planning services in Lusaka, Zambia.AIDS (London, England) · 2013Trial
- Contraception use and pregnancy in women receiving a 2-dose Ebola vaccine in Rwanda: A retrospective analysis of UMURINZI vaccination campaign data.PLoS medicine · 2025Article
- Unintended pregnancy and contraceptive use among women in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2023Review
- Intrauterine contraceptive discontinuation reasons among female trial participants living with HIV in Cape Town, South Africa: A qualitative analysis.Frontiers in global women's health · 2023Article
- Article
- Uptake of long acting reversible contraception following integrated couples HIV and fertility goal-based family planning counselling in Catholic and non-Catholic, urban and rural government health centers in Kigali, Rwanda.Reproductive health · 2020Observational
- Motivational interviewing to promote long-acting reversible contraception among Rwandan couples wishing to prevent or delay pregnancy.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2020Article
- Hormonal Contraception and Vaginal Infections Among Couples Who Are Human Immunodeficiency Virus Serodiscordant in Lusaka, Zambia.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2019Article
- Factors associated with unintended pregnancy among women attending antenatal care in Maichew Town, Northern Ethiopia, 2017.BMC research notes · 2019Article
- Community health worker promotions increase uptake of long-acting reversible contraception in Rwanda.Reproductive health · 2019Article
- Article
- Bacterial vaginosis modifies the association between hormonal contraception and HIV acquisition.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- Optimizing Prevention of HIV and Unplanned Pregnancy in Discordant African Couples.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2017Article
- Fertility intentions and contraceptive practices among clinic-users living with HIV in Kenya: a mixed methods study.BMC public health · 2017Article
- Pregnancy and HIV Disease Progression in an Early Infection Cohort from Five African Countries.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2017Article
- Hormonal Contraceptive Use Among HIV-Positive Women and HIV Transmission Risk to Male Partners, Zambia, 1994-2012.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Hormonal contraception does not increase women's HIV acquisition risk in Zambian discordant couples, 1994-2012.Contraception · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe describe rates of unintended pregnancy among HIV positive couples in Lusaka, Zambia. We also identify factors associated with unintended pregnancy among oral contraceptive pill (OCP) using couples in this cohort.
designData were analyzed from couples randomized in a factorial design to two family planning intervention videos.
methodsRates of unintended pregnancy were stratified by contraceptive method used at time of pregnancy. Predictors of time to unintended pregnancy among OCP users were determined via multivariate Cox modeling.
resultsThe highest rates of unintended pregnancy were observed among couples requesting condoms only (26.4/100CY) or OCPs (20.7/100CY); these rates were not significantly different. OCP users accounted for 37% of the couple-years (CY) observed and 87% of unintended pregnancies. Rates of unintended pregnancy for injectable (0.7/100CY) and intrauterine device (1.6/100CY) users were significantly lower relative to condom only users. No pregnancies occurred among contraceptive implant users or after tubal ligation. Factors associated (p<0.05) with time to unintended pregnancy among OCP users in multivariate analysis included the man wanting more children, the woman being HIV negative versus having stage IV HIV disease, and the woman reporting: younger age, no previous OCP use, missed OCPs, or sex without a condom.
conclusionsLong-acting reversible contraceptive methods were effective in the context of integrated couples HIV prevention and contraceptive services. Injectable methods were also effective in this context. Given the high user failure rate of OCPs, family planning efforts should promote longer-acting methods among OCP users wishing to avoid pregnancy. Where other methods are not available or acceptable, OCP adherence counseling is needed, especially among younger and new OCP users.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT00067522.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.