ArticlePloS one2013
The human melanoma side population displays molecular and functional characteristics of enriched chemoresistance and tumorigenesis.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Isoxazole derivatives as multi-target agents: virucidal, antibacterial, and antiproliferative effects on skin cancer cells.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- The Therapeutic Potential of Photoimmunotherapy as a Safe, Effective and Non-Toxic Treatment Option for Superficial Triple Negative Breast Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- SNAP-Tag-Based Recombinant Photoimmunotherapeutic Agents for the Selective Detection and Killing of Light-Accessible Melanotransferrin-Expressing Melanoma and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Persister state-directed transitioning and vulnerability in melanoma.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Heme Oxygenase-1 Has a Greater Effect on Melanoma Stem Cell Properties Than the Expression of Melanoma-Initiating Cell Markers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- The modulation of ion channels in cancer chemo-resistance.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- ABCB1 in dermatology: roles in skin diseases and their treatment.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Review
- Extracellular Vesicles Shedding Promotes Melanoma Growth in Response to Chemotherapy.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Inhibition of Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 reverts BRAF and MEK inhibition-induced selection of cancer stem cells in BRAF-mutated melanoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2018Article
- Apoptosis induced by 9,11‑dehydroergosterol peroxide from Ganoderma Lucidum mycelium in human malignant melanoma cells is Mcl‑1 dependent.Molecular medicine reports · 2018Article
- Intratumor and Intertumor Heterogeneity in Melanoma.Translational oncology · 2017Review
- An autophagy-driven pathway of ATP secretion supports the aggressive phenotype of BRAFAutophagy · 2017Article
- Comprehensive DNA methylation study identifies novel progression-related and prognostic markers for cutaneous melanoma.BMC medicine · 2017Article
- Growth Hormone Receptor Knockdown Sensitizes Human Melanoma Cells to Chemotherapy by Attenuating Expression of ABC Drug Efflux Pumps.Hormones & cancer · 2017Article
- HERV-K activation is strictly required to sustain CD133+ melanoma cells with stemness features.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2017Article
- Article
- The Stem Cell Connection of Pituitary Tumors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2017Article
- Roles of different IRES-dependent FGF2 isoforms in the acquisition of the major aggressive features of human metastatic melanoma.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2017Article
- Solamargine triggers cellular necrosis selectively in different types of human melanoma cancer cells through extrinsic lysosomal mitochondrial death pathway.Cancer cell international · 2016Article
- Histone Modifications, Modifiers and Readers in Melanoma Resistance to Targeted and Immune Therapy.Cancers · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Melanoma remains the most lethal skin cancer, mainly because of high resistance to therapy. Side population (SP) cells are found in many types of cancer and are usually enriched in therapy-resistant as well as tumorigenic cells. Here, we identified a Hoechst dye-effluxing SP in a large series of human melanoma samples representing different progression phases. The SP size did not change with disease stage but was correlated with the prognostic "Breslow's depth" in the primary (cutaneous) tumors. When injected into immunodeficient mice, the SP generated larger tumors than the bulk "main population" (MP) melanoma cells in two consecutive generations, and showed tumorigenic capacity at lower cell numbers than the MP. In addition, the SP reconstituted the heterogeneous composition of the human A375 melanoma cell line, and its clonogenic activity was 2.5-fold higher than that of the MP. Gene-expression analysis revealed upregulated expression in the melanoma SP (versus the MP) of genes associated with chemoresistance and anti-apoptosis. Consistent with these molecular characteristics, the SP increased in proportion when A375 cells were exposed to the melanoma standard chemotherapeutic agent dacarbazine, and to the aggravating condition of hypoxia. In addition, the SP showed enhanced expression of genes related to cell invasion and migration, as well as to putative (melanoma) cancer stem cells (CSC) including ABCB1 and JARID1B. ABCB1 immunoreactivity was detected in a number of tumor cells in human melanomas, and in particular in clusters at the invasive front of the primary tumors. Together, our findings support that the human melanoma SP is enriched in tumorigenic and chemoresistant capacity, considered key characteristics of CSC. The melanoma SP may therefore represent an interesting therapeutic target.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.