Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24097794›Full record

ReviewHealth policy and planning2014

The cost of injury and trauma care in low- and middle-income countries: a review of economic evidence.

Hadley K H Wesson, Nonkululeko Boikhutso, Abdulgafoor M Bachani, Karen J Hofman, Adnan A Hyder

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Health policy and planning, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
83citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

83 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Observational
  5. Article
  6. Economic burden and cost drivers of traumatic brain injury.Surgical neurology international · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
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  10. A call for global pediatric orthopedics and traumatology: transforming words into deeds for child musculoskeletal health needs.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025
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  11. Review
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  20. Article

23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hadley K H WessonInternational Injury Research Unit, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, 1200 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA, University of Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, 27 St Andrews Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, Medical Reserach Council, Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa International Injury Research Unit, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, 1200 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA, University of Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, 27 St Andrews Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, Medical Reserach Council, Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Nonkululeko BoikhutsoInternational Injury Research Unit, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, 1200 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA, University of Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, 27 St Andrews Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, Medical Reserach Council, Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Abdulgafoor M BachaniInternational Injury Research Unit, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, 1200 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA, University of Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, 27 St Andrews Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, Medical Reserach Council, Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Karen J HofmanInternational Injury Research Unit, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, 1200 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA, University of Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, 27 St Andrews Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, Medical Reserach Council, Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Adnan A HyderInternational Injury Research Unit, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, 1200 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA, University of Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, 27 St Andrews Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, Medical Reserach Council, Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa ahyder@jhsph.edu.

Funding

JHU-Afghanistan-Pakistan Collaborative Trauma and Injury Research TrainingD43TW007292 · FIC · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Nadeem Ullah Khan, Junaid Abdul Razzak · 2005 to 2026
$4.7M
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW007292
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionInjuries are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity, of which more than 90% occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Given the extent of this burden being confronted by LMICs, there is need to place injury prevention at the forefront of public health initiatives and to understand the costs associated with injury. The aim of this article is to describe the extent to which injury-related costing studies have been conducted in LMICs.

methodsA review of literature was performed to explore costing data available for injury and/or trauma care in LMICs. Study quality was described using recommendations from the Community Guide's quality assessment tool for economic evaluations.

resultsThe review identified 68 studies, of which 13 were full economic evaluations. Cost of injury varied widely with mean costs ranging from US$14 to US$17 400. In terms of injury-prevention interventions, cost per disability adjusted life year averted for injury-prevention interventions ranged from US$10.90 for speed bump installation to US$17 000 for drunk driving and breath testing campaigns in Africa. The studies varied in quality, ranging from very good to unsatisfactory. DISCUSSION: There is a lack of injury-related economic evidence from LMICs. Current costing research has considerable variability in the costs and cost descriptions of injury and associated prevention interventions. The generalizability of these studies is limited. Yet the economic burden of injury is high, suggesting significant potential for cost savings through injury prevention. A standardized approach to economic evaluation of injury in LMICs is needed to further prioritize investing in injury prevention.

Indexed as

Health Care CostsAfricaCost-Benefit AnalysisDeveloping CountriesHumansPovertyPublic HealthQuality-Adjusted Life YearsWounds and Injuriescostsdeveloping countrieseconomic evaluationInjurytrauma

Identifiers

PMID24097794
PMCPMC4153302

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.