ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2013
Plasma C-peptide, mammographic breast density, and risk of invasive breast cancer.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07262593 (Family-Based Meal Timing for Cancer Prevention Among Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islanders), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Family-Based Meal Timing for Cancer Prevention Among Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islanders: FAMTIME
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationship Between Breast Density and Selective Estrogen-Receptor Modulators, Aromatase Inhibitors, Physical Activity, and Diet: A Systematic Review.Integrative cancer therapies · 2016Pooled it
- Metabolomic signatures of hypocaloric dietary interventions associate with breast cancer risk in the Nurses' Health Study II.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Association between Inflammatory Dietary Pattern and Mammographic Features.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Plasma C-peptide mammographic features and risk of breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2024Article
- Lipidome of mammographic breast density in premenopausal women.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2023Article
- Insulinemic potential of diet and risk of total and subtypes of breast cancer among US females.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Article
- Epidemiological link between obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer.World journal of methodology · 2021Review
- Cancer Progress and Priorities: Breast Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2021Review
- Prospective study of a diabetes risk reduction diet and the risk of breast cancer.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Article
- Using genetics to decipher the link between type 2 diabetes and cancer: shared aetiology or downstream consequence?Diabetologia · 2020Review
- Associations of serum C-peptide and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins-3 with breast cancer deaths.PloS one · 2020Article
- Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Cancer Risk.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Metabolic hormones and breast cancer risk among Mexican American Women in the Mano a Mano Cohort Study.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- OP449 inhibits breast cancer growth without adverse metabolic effects.Endocrine-related cancer · 2017Article
- Associations between adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research cancer prevention recommendations and biomarkers of inflammation, hormonal, and insulin response.International journal of cancer · 2017Article
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cancer: The Role of Pharmacotherapy.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2016Review
- Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Breast Cancer by Tumor Receptor Expression.Hormones & cancer · 2015Article
- Obesity and Diabetes: The Increased Risk of Cancer and Cancer-Related Mortality.Physiological reviews · 2015Review
- Adolescent and Early Adulthood Dietary Carbohydrate Quantity and Quality in Relation to Breast Cancer Risk.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2015Article
- Type 2 diabetes and mammographic breast density among underserved women.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInsulin may promote breast cancer directly by stimulating the insulin receptor or indirectly by increasing the plasma concentration of active sex hormones. The association between insulin and breast density, a strong breast cancer risk factor, has not been thoroughly studied. We measured associations between c-peptide (a molar marker of insulin secretion), breast cancer risk, and breast density measurements in case-control studies nested within the Nurses' Health Study and Nurses' Health Study II cohorts.
methodsBreast cancer associations were estimated with multivariate logistic regression models and then pooled across cohorts (total n = 1,084 cases and 1,785 controls). Mammographic density associations (percent dense area, dense area, and nondense area) were estimated as the difference in least-square means of the density parameters between quartiles of c-peptide concentration in all breast cancer controls with available screening mammography films (n = 1,469).
resultsAfter adjustment for adiposity, c-peptide was not associated with any measure of breast density. However, c-peptide was associated with an approximately 50% increased risk of invasive breast cancer [top vs. bottom quartile, adjusted OR = 1.5, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1-2.0] that was robust to adjustment for plasma-free estradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin. The association was stronger for ER-negative disease (adjusted OR = 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2-3.6).
conclusionsOur data suggest a positive association between hyperinsulinemia and breast cancer risk that occurs through nonestrogenic mechanisms, and that is not mediated by breast density. IMPACT: Primary prevention of breast cancer in women with hyperinsulinemia may be possible by targeting insulin signaling pathways.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.