Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24097196›Full record

ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2013

Impact of rural residence on forgoing healthcare after cancer because of cost.

Nynikka R A Palmer, Ann M Geiger, Lingyi Lu, L Douglas Case, Kathryn E Weaver

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
9.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Deconstructing rurality to better "place" health data.International journal of geographical information science : IJGIS · 2025
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  13. Rural, Large Town, and Urban Differences in Optimal Subspecialty Follow-up and Survivorship Care Plan Documentation among Childhood Cancer Survivors.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023
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  15. Interventions to address cancer-related financial toxicity: Recommendations from the field.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Nynikka R A PalmerAuthors' Affiliations: Social Science and Health Policy, Epidemiology and Prevention, Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Health Services and Economics Branch, Applied Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Science, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland.
Ann M Geiger
Lingyi Lu
L Douglas Case
Kathryn E Weaver
National Cancer Institute · US

Funding

Tumor Tissue CoreP30CA012197 · NCI · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Ruben A. Mesa · 1985 to 2026
$55.4M
Postdoctoral Training Program in Cancer SurvivorshipR25CA122061 · NCI · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI AVIS, NANCY E · 2008 to 2018
$3.8M
Prevalence and Health Status of Cancer Survivors in the Rural USR03CA156641 · NCI · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI WEAVER, KATHRYN ELIZABETH · 2011 to 2012
$148k
NCI NIH HHS 5R25CA122061NCI NIH HHS P30 CA012197NCI NIH HHS R03 CA156641NCI NIH HHS R03 CA156641-01NCI NIH HHS R25 CA122061
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRoutine follow-up care is recommended to promote the well-being of cancer survivors, but financial difficulties may interfere. Rural-urban disparities in forgoing healthcare due to cost have been observed in the general population; however, it is unknown whether this disparity persists among survivors. The purpose of this study was to examine rural-urban disparities in forgoing healthcare after cancer due to cost.

methodsWe analyzed data from 7,804 cancer survivors in the 2006 to 2010 National Health Interview Survey. Logistic regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, were used to assess rural-urban disparities in forgoing medical care, prescription medications, and dental care due to cost, stratified by age (younger: 18-64, older: 65+).

resultsCompared with urban survivors, younger rural survivors were more likely to forgo medical care (P < 0.001) and prescription medications (P < 0.001) due to cost; older rural survivors were more likely to forgo medical (P < 0.001) and dental care (P = 0.05). Rural-urban disparities did not persist among younger survivors in adjusted analyses; however, older rural survivors remained more likely to forgo medical [OR = 1.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.11-2.48] and dental care (OR = 1.54, 95%CI = 1.08-2.20).

conclusionsAdjustment for health insurance and other sociodemographic characteristics attenuates rural-urban disparities in forgoing healthcare among younger survivors, but not older survivors. Financial factors relating to healthcare use among rural survivors should be a topic of continued investigation. IMPACT: Addressing out-of-pocket costs may be an important step in reducing rural-urban disparities in healthcare, especially for older survivors. It will be important to monitor how healthcare reform efforts impact disparities observed in this vulnerable population.

Indexed as

Rural PopulationTreatment RefusalAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesDelivery of Health CareFemaleHealthcare DisparitiesHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsSurvivorsUnited StatesUrban Population

Identifiers

PMID24097196
PMCPMC3833446
OpenAlexW2159964948

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.