Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24094746›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of human genetics2013

Formation of chimeric genes by copy-number variation as a mutational mechanism in schizophrenia.

Caitlin Rippey, Tom Walsh, Suleyman Gulsuner, Matt Brodsky, Alex S Nord, Molly Gasperini, Sarah Pierce, Cailyn Spurrell, Bradley P Coe, Niklas Krumm and 4 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of human genetics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Independent inheritance of cognition and bipolar disorder in a family sample.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. The genetics of bipolar disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2020
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Phenome-wide Burden of Copy-Number Variation in the UK Biobank.American journal of human genetics · 2019
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Caitlin RippeyDepartments of Medicine and of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Electronic address: cfields@uw.edu.
Tom Walsh
Suleyman Gulsuner
Matt Brodsky
Alex S Nord
Molly Gasperini
Sarah Pierce
Cailyn Spurrell
Bradley P Coe
Niklas Krumm
Ming K Lee
Jonathan Sebat
Jon M McClellan
Mary-Claire King
University of Washington · USUniversity of California San Diego · US

Funding

University of Washington Medical Scientist Training Program: MD/PhDT32GM007266 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI HORWITZ, MARSHALL S. · 1985 to 2023
$30.4M
A Genomic Approach to SchizophreniaR01MH083989 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI KING, MARY-CLAIRE, MCCLELLAN, JON M · 2009 to 2019
$9.5M
3/4-Psychiatric GWAS Consortium: Genomic Follow-Up Next-Gen Sequencing & GenotypiU01MH094411 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SEBAT, JONATHAN · 2012 to 2015
$2.7M
Discovery of New Genes for Inherited Predisposition to Breast Cancer by Exome SeqR01CA157744 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI KING, MARY-CLAIRE, WALSH, TOMAS D · 2011 to 2015
$2.7M
Whole Genome Sequencing and Transcriptome Analysis in Schizophrenia Cases and Controls from the Xhosa PopulationU01MH096844 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI KING, MARY-CLAIRE, MCCLELLAN, JON M · 2013 to 2017
$2.7M
Rare structural genomic variants in schizophreniaF30MH085467 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI RIPPEY, CAITLIN F · 2008 to 2012
$127k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA157744NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007266NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM07266NIMH NIH HHS F30 MH085467NIMH NIH HHS F30 MH085467-03NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH083989NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH094411NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH096844Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chimeric genes can be caused by structural genomic rearrangements that fuse together portions of two different genes to create a novel gene. We hypothesize that brain-expressed chimeras may contribute to schizophrenia. Individuals with schizophrenia and control individuals were screened genome wide for copy-number variants (CNVs) that disrupted two genes on the same DNA strand. Candidate events were filtered for predicted brain expression and for frequency < 0.001 in an independent series of 20,000 controls. Four of 124 affected individuals and zero of 290 control individuals harbored such events (p = 0.002); a 47 kb duplication disrupted MATK and ZFR2, a 58 kb duplication disrupted PLEKHD1 and SLC39A9, a 121 kb duplication disrupted DNAJA2 and NETO2, and a 150 kb deletion disrupted MAP3K3 and DDX42. Each fusion produced a stable protein when exogenously expressed in cultured cells. We examined whether these chimeras differed from their parent genes in localization, regulation, or function. Subcellular localizations of DNAJA2-NETO2 and MAP3K3-DDX42 differed from their parent genes. On the basis of the expression profile of the MATK promoter, MATK-ZFR2 is likely to be far more highly expressed in the brain during development than the ZFR2 parent gene. MATK-ZFR2 includes a ZFR2-derived isoform that we demonstrate localizes preferentially to neuronal dendritic branch sites. These results suggest that the formation of chimeric genes is a mechanism by which CNVs contribute to schizophrenia and that, by interfering with parent gene function, chimeras may disrupt critical brain processes, including neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation, and dendritic arborization.

Indexed as

DNA Copy Number VariationsGenome, HumanAdolescentAdultBrainCase-Control StudiesCell LineChildGene DeletionGenes, DuplicateGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHEK293 CellsHumansMutant Chimeric ProteinsRNA, MessengerSchizophreniaMutant Chimeric ProteinsRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID24094746
PMCPMC3791253
OpenAlexW2002170299

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.