ReviewJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)2014
Activation of upper airway muscles during breathing and swallowing.
Review in Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed.
- Swallowing assessment in obstructive sleep apnea: insights from surface electromyography.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Observational
- Impact of tongue exercise on hypoglossal axis survival, structure, and output in a rodent model of hypoglossal motor neuron degeneration.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Mecp2 deficiency induces dysphagia in a preclinical model of Rett syndrome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- The upper airway in obstructive sleep apnoea: state of the art.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Muscle function and electromyography: (almost) 70 years since Doty and Bosma (1956).Journal of neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Computational and experimental study of thermal behavior in the oral cavity for biosensing applications.Results in engineering · 2025Article
- Varied ionic currents underlie functional diversity of hypoglossal motoneurons innervating the superior longitudinalis and genioglossus tongue muscles.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Dendritic alterations precede age-related dysphagia and nucleus ambiguus motor neuron death.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Cholinergic modulation of upper airway control: maturational changes and mechanisms at cellular and synaptic levels.Journal of neurophysiology · 2025Review
- Comprehensive analysis of orofacial motor skills in children with obstructive sleep apnea.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Article
- Biomechanical and Cortical Control of Tongue Movements During Chewing and Swallowing.Dysphagia · 2024Review
- Dendritic morphology of motor neurons and interneurons within the compact, semicompact, and loose formations of the rat nucleus ambiguus.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Physiological analyses of swallowing changes due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in anesthetized male rats.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Pathophysiological Mechanisms Underlying Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis in Female Patients: An Ultrasonographic Study.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2023Article
- Dynamic vocal cord behavior and stridor during emergence from general anesthesia in small children with supraglottic airway.Journal of anesthesia · 2023Observational
- Bioenergetic Evaluation of Muscle Fatigue in Murine Tongue.Dysphagia · 2023Review
- When the tongue runs out of gas.eLife · 2023Article
- Article
- Observational
- Gestational Intermittent Hypoxia Induces Mitochondrial Impairment in the Geniohyoid Muscle of Offspring Rats.Cureus · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The upper airway is a complex muscular tube that is used by the respiratory and digestive systems. The upper airway is invested with several small and anatomically peculiar muscles. The muscle fiber orientations and their nervous innervation are both extremely complex, and how the activity of the muscles is initiated and adjusted during complex behaviors is poorly understood. The bulk of the evidence suggests that the entire assembly of tongue and laryngeal muscles operate together but differently during breathing and swallowing, like a ballet rather than a solo performance. Here we review the functional anatomy of the tongue and laryngeal muscles, and their neural innervation. We also consider how muscular activity is altered as respiratory drive changes, and briefly address upper airway muscle control during swallowing.
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Registered trials
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