SynthesisTumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine2014
Pioglitazone prescription increases risk of bladder cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes: an updated meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pioglitazone and bladder cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Diabetes mellitus and the risk of bladder cancer: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis of cohort studies.Medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Predictors of powerhouse: a perspective of mitochondrial biomarkers in type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Real-world evidence on the association of novel antidiabetic medication use with cancer risk and protective effects: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2025Article
- The Multifaceted Roles of Macrophages in NAFLD Pathogenesis.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2023Review
- Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cancer: pathophysiological and therapeutic associations.Endocrine · 2021Review
- Chronic Inflammation in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- Hypoxylonol F Isolated fromBiomolecules · 2019Article
- The role of macrophages in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2019Review
- Pioglitazone use and risk of bladder cancer: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Diabetology international · 2019Article
- Pioglitazone use in patients with diabetes and risk of bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer management and research · 2018Review
- Pioglitazone Use and Risk of Bladder Cancer: anInternational journal of medical sciences · 2018Article
- Global and Regional Effects of Bladder Cancer Risk Associated with Pioglitazone Therapy in Patients with Diabetes.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Reporting of Sex Effects by Systematic Reviews on Interventions for Depression, Diabetes, and Chronic Pain.Annals of internal medicine · 2016Article
- Potential role for metformin in urologic oncology.Investigative and clinical urology · 2016Review
- Diabetes Pharmacotherapies and Bladder Cancer: A Medicare Epidemiologic Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2016Article
- Hyperinsulinaemic androgen excess in adolescent girls.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2014Article
- AMPK activation: a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes?Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2014Review
- Pioglitazone Induces Dysplastic Urothelial Changes in Urinary Bladder of Experimental Diabetes.Journal of microscopy and ultrastructureArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pioglitazone is widely used for glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but evidence regarding the association between pioglitazone and bladder cancer risk is confusing. A systematic search of databases was carried out, and other relevant papers were also identified. Then, the analyses were conducted according to the PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines. After quality assessment, nine datasets from 10 available studies were included on the basis of inclusion criteria. The incidence of bladder cancer among pioglitazone ever users and never users, pooled from four cohort and one randomized studies, were 84.51 and 66.68 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Nine studies representing 2,596,856 diabetic patients were recognized as eligible for overall study; the result suggested an increased risk of bladder cancer in patients exposed to pioglitazone. A persistent significance was detected after being adjusted by age, gender, and use of other diabetes medications. Subgroup analyses indicated that the significantly increased incidence of bladder cancer was found in men, but not in women. Additionally, the analyses addressing increasing exposure to pioglitazone observed a dose-response relation between exclusive ever use of pioglitazone and bladder cancer in terms of cumulative duration of use and cumulative dosage. With some limitations, our results suggest an increased risk of bladder cancer in diabetic patients using pioglitazone, especially for men with long-term and high-dose exposure. Additional studies are needed to provide more precise evidences to support our results.
Indexed as
Identifiers
24092576What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.