Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24092564›Full record

ArticleInsights into imaging2013

Contrast-induced nephropathy: pharmacology, pathophysiology and prevention.

Remy W F Geenen, Hylke Jan Kingma, Aart J van der Molen

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Insights into imaging, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05283512 (Intravenous vs. Oral Hydration to Reduce the Risk of Post-Contrast Acute Kidney Injury After Intravenous Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography in Patients With Severe Chronic Kidney Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 47 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05283512 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Intravenous vs. Oral Hydration to Reduce the Risk of Post-Contrast Acute Kidney Injury After Intravenous Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography in Patients With Severe Chronic Kidney Disease (ENRICH): A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorOdense University HospitalRan2022 to 2027Enrolled254ConditionsContrast-induced Nephropathy, Kidney Injury, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Risk ReductionArmsPreventive treatment with IV-hydration, Preventive treatment with oral hydration
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 123 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Trimetazidine in Cardiovascular Disease and Beyond: A Comprehensive Review.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Remy W F GeenenDepartment of Radiology, Medisch Centrum Alkmaar, Wilhelminalaan 12, 1815 JD, Alkmaar, Netherlands, R.W.F.Geenen@mca.nl.
Hylke Jan Kingma
Aart J van der Molen
Leiden University Medical Center · NLMedisch Centrum Alkmaar · NLStichting Apotheek der Haarlemse Ziekenhuizen · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Modern iodinated contrast media (CM) consist of one or two tri-iodobenzene rings. They differ from each other in the composition of the side chains, creating different molecules and thus different brand substances. After intravascular administration, all CM are distributed rapidly into intravascular and extracellular fluids. They are eliminated solely by glomerular filtration. In patients with normal renal function, CMs are eliminated within 24 h. The pathophysiology of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is based on three distinct but interacting mechanisms: medullary ischaemia, formation of reactive oxygen species and direct tubular cell toxicity. The contribution of each of these mechanisms to the development of CIN in the individual patient remains unclear. CIN prevention is extensively described in guidelines, such as the recently updated guideline from the Contrast Media Safety Committee (CMSC) of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR). The recent update is briefly discussed. Furthermore, it remains unclear if volume expansion with either NaCl 0.9 % or NaHCO3 1.4 % is superior. Teaching points • After intravascular injection, CM are distributed over intravascular and extracellular fluids. • CM are eliminated by glomerular filtration in patients with normal kidney function. • CIN pathophysiology is based on medullary ischaemia, formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and tubular cell toxicity. • It remains unclear if volume expansion with either NaCl 0.9 % or NaHCO 3 1.4 % is superior.

Identifiers

PMID24092564
PMCPMC3846935
OpenAlexW2051501531

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.