ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2013
Inflammatory demyelination induces glia alterations and ganglion cell loss in the retina of an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 132 citations in OpenAlex.
- An unrecognized mechanism of neuroprotection by microglial TIA1-mediated stress granules to prevent neuroinflammation and demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice through sequestering ApoE mRNA.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Astrocytic TIA1-Mediated Stress Granules Promote the Demyelination of Optic Neuritis by Sequestering mRNA of Cholesterol Synthesis Genes in an Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Autoimmune neuroinflammation leads to neuronal death via MIF nuclease-mediated parthanatos.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- From Natural Compound Screening to Myelin-Associated Effects: Identification of Morusin as a Potent Promoter of Oligodendrocyte Differentiation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Enhanced therapeutic potential of paeoniflorin and vitamin B12 in intracerebropeduncle ethidium bromide-induced multiple sclerosis-like pathology.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Photoreceptor Layer Thinning as Biomarker for Circulatory Premature Mortality: UK Biobank Cohort Study.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- TIA1-Mediated Stress Granules Promote the Neuroinflammation and Demyelination in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis through Upregulating IL-31RA Signaling.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Hyperreflective retinal foci are associated with retinal degeneration after optic neuritis in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and multiple sclerosis.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- The IL-33/ST2 Axis Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells by Modulating the Astrocyte Response After Optic Nerve Injury.Neuroscience bulletin · 2025Article
- Article
- The Neuroprotective Effect of Erythropoietin on the Optic Nerve and Spinal Cord in Rats with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis through the Activation of the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 Signaling Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Role of microglia/macrophage polarisation in intraocular diseases (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Thymoquinone improves experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by regulating both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Overview of diet and autoimmune demyelinating optic neuritis: a narrative review.Immunometabolism (Cobham, Surrey) · 2023Review
- Retinal transcriptome profiling identifies novel candidate genes associated with visual impairment in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.Animal cells and systems · 2023Article
- Utility of the visual system to monitor neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Cathepsin-B inhibitor CA-074 attenuates retinopathy and optic neuritis in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced in SJL/J mice.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2023Article
- Article
- 3-Dimensional Immunostaining and Automated Deep-Learning Based Analysis of Nerve Degeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is often accompanied by optic nerve inflammation. And some patients experience permanent vision loss. We examined if the grade of optic nerve infiltration and demyelination affects the severity of clinical signs in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. The loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and alterations in glia activity were also investigated.
methodsC57BL/6 mice were immunized with peptide MOG35-55 in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and controls received PBS in CFA. Then 23 days post immunization eyes were prepared for flatmounts and stained with Nissl to evaluated neuronal density. Clinical EAE symptoms as well as cell infiltration and demyelination in the optic nerve were examined. Retinal sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and silver stain. Immunohistochemistry was used to label RGCs (Brn-3a), apoptotic cells (caspase 3), macroglia (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)), microglia (Iba1), macrophages (F 4/80) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion.
resultsEAE symptoms started at day 8 and peaked at day 15. Cell infiltrations (P = 0.0047) and demyelination (P = 0.0018) of EAE nerves correlated with the clinical score (r > 0.8). EAE led to a significant loss of RGCs (P< 0.0001). Significantly more caspase 3+ cells were noted in these animals (P = 0.0222). They showed an increased expression of GFAP (P< 0.0002) and a higher number of microglial cells (P< 0.0001). Also more macrophages and IL-6 secretion were observed in EAE mice.
conclusionsMOG immunization leads to optic neuritis and RGC loss. EAE severity is related to the severity of optic nerve inflammation and demyelination. EAE not only affects activation of apoptotic signals, but also causes a glial response in the retina.
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