ArticlePloS one2013
Synergistic effects of celecoxib and bupropion in a model of chronic inflammation-related depression in mice.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antidepressant Effects of NSAIDs in Rodent Models of Depression-A Systematic Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Therapeutic Effects of Spent Ground Coffee Oil on Nociception, Anxiety- and Depression-Like Behaviors, and Inflammatory Mechanisms in a CFA-Induced Intraplantar Inflammation Model in Mice.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms in Depression: From Biomarkers to Anti-Inflammatory Therapy.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Research Progress on the Biological Function and Homeostatic Disruption of Microglia in the Pathogenesis of Major Depressive Disorder.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Review
- Central-peripheral neuroimmune dynamics in psychological stress and depression: insights from current research.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- Inflammatory pain in mice induces light cycle-dependent effects on sleep architecture.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- A systematic review of the pain-related emotional and cognitive impairments in chronic inflammatory pain induced by CFA injection and its mechanism.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Effects of social dominance and acute social stress on morphology of microglia and structural integrity of the medial prefrontal cortex.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Review
- Celecoxib for Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Glial Glutamate Transporter Modulation Prevents Development of Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Hyperalgesia and Allodynia in Mice.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Unique brain endothelial profiles activated by social stress promote cell adhesion, prostaglandin E2 signaling, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis modulation, and anxiety.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Perinatal CBD or THC Exposure Results in Lasting Resistance to Fluoxetine in the Forced Swim Test: Reversal by Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibition.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2022Article
- Hydroalcoholic Leaf Extract ofOxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
- Imipramine Accelerates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Renal Impairment, Diabetic Retinopathy, Insulin Resistance, and Urinary Chromium Loss in Obese Mice.Veterinary sciences · 2021Article
- Revisiting bupropion anti-inflammatory action: involvement of the TLR2/TLR4 and JAK2/STAT3.Inflammopharmacology · 2021Article
- The Emerging Role of the Double-Edged Impact of Arachidonic Acid- Derived Eicosanoids in the Neuroinflammatory Background of Depression.Current neuropharmacology · 2021Review
- Neuro-Cells therapy improves motor outcomes and suppresses inflammation during experimental syndrome of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in mice.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2020Article
- The Impact of Immunological Factors on Depression Treatment - Relation Between Antidepressants and Immunomodulation Agents.Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences · 2019Review
- Resolution of inflammation-induced depression requires T lymphocytes and endogenous brain interleukin-10 signaling.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study was aimed to characterize the depression-like behaviour in the classical model of chronic inflammation induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). Male Swiss mice received an intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of CFA (50 µl/paw) or vehicle. Behavioural and inflammatory responses were measured at different time-points (1 to 4 weeks), and different pharmacological tools were tested. The brain levels of IL-1β and BDNF, or COX-2 expression were also determined. CFA elicited a time-dependent edema formation and mechanical allodynia, which was accompanied by a significant increase in the immobility time in the tail suspension (TST) or forced-swimming (FST) depression tests. Repeated administration of the antidepressants imipramine (10 mg/kg), fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) and bupropion (30 mg/kg) significantly reversed depression-like behaviour induced by CFA. Predictably, the anti-inflammatory drugs dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg), indomethacin (10 mg/kg) and celecoxib (30 mg/kg) markedly reduced CFA-induced edema. The oral treatment with the analgesic drugs dipyrone (30 and 300 mg/kg) or pregabalin (30 mg/kg) significantly reversed the mechanical allodyinia induced by CFA. Otherwise, either dipyrone or pregabalin (both 30 mg/kg) did not significantly affect the paw edema or the depressive-like behaviour induced by CFA, whereas the oral treatment with dipyrone (300 mg/kg) was able to reduce the immobility time in TST. Noteworthy, CFA-induced edema was reduced by bupropion (30 mg/kg), and depression behaviour was prevented by celecoxib (30 mg/kg). The co-treatment with bupropion and celecoxib (3 mg/kg each) significantly inhibited both inflammation and depression elicited by CFA. The same combined treatment reduced the brain levels of IL-1β, as well as COX-2 immunopositivity, whilst it failed to affect the reduction of BDNF levels. We provide novel evidence on the relationship between chronic inflammation and depression, suggesting that combination of antidepressant and anti-inflammatory agents bupropion and celecoxib might represent an attractive therapeutic strategy for depression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.