ArticlePloS one2013
Comparison of the prevalence of common bacterial pathogens in the oropharynx and nasopharynx of gambian infants.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01262872 (Impact of GSK Biologicals' 2189242A Vaccine on Nasopharyngeal Carriage, Safety and Immunogenicity When Co-administered With Routine EPI Vaccines in Infants Following Safety Assessment in Children Aged 2-4 Years in The Gambia), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Impact of GSK Biologicals' 2189242A Vaccine on Nasopharyngeal Carriage, Safety and Immunogenicity When Co-administered With Routine EPI Vaccines in Infants Following Safety Assessment in Children Aged 2-4 Years in The Gambia
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between bacteria colonizing the upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract infection in young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effect ofBioMed research international · 2021Trial
- Prevalence and risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus nasopharyngeal carriage during a PCV trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Trial
- Mechanisms of 10-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid resistance inJournal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Comparison of the bacterial microbiome in the pharynx and nasal cavity of persistent, intermittent carriers and non-carriers ofJournal of medical microbiology · 2024Article
- Genomic approach to determine sources of neonatal Staphylococcus aureus infection from carriage in the Gambia.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Bacterial colonisation of surface and core of palatine tonsils among Tanzanian children with recurrent chronic tonsillitis and obstructive sleep apnoea who underwent (adeno)tonsillectomy.The Journal of laryngology and otology · 2024Article
- Nasopharyngeal colonisation dynamics of bacterial pathogens in patients with fever in rural Burkina Faso: an observational study.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Observational
- Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae Among Young Children in Haiti Before Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Introduction.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Pathogens Causing Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Less Than 5 Years of Age in Senegal.Microbiology insights · 2019Article
- Article
- Composition and abundance of microbiota in the pharynx in patients with laryngeal carcinoma and vocal cord polyps.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2017Article
- Incidence of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance amongst beta-haemolytic streptococci in The Gambia.BMC research notes · 2017Article
- Kinetics of antibodies against pneumococcal proteins and their relationship to nasopharyngeal carriage in the first two months of life.PloS one · 2017Article
- The microbiota in bronchoalveolar lavage from young children with chronic lung disease includes taxa present in both the oropharynx and nasopharynx.Microbiome · 2016Article
- Associations between nasopharyngeal carriage of Group B Streptococcus and other respiratory pathogens during early infancy.BMC microbiology · 2016Article
- Nasopharyngeal colonization of Gambian infants by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae before the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.New microbes and new infections · 2016Article
- Effect of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination without a booster dose on invasive H influenzae type b disease, nasopharyngeal carriage, and population immunity in Kilifi, Kenya: a 15-year regional surveillance study.The Lancet. Global health · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCRM- based pneumococcal conjugate vaccines generally have little impact on the overall prevalence of pneumococcal carriage because of serotype replacement. In contrast, protein vaccines could substantially reduce the overall prevalence of pneumococcal carriage with potential microbiological and clinical consequences. Therefore, trials of pneumococcal protein vaccines need to evaluate their impact on carriage of other potentially pathogenic bacteria in addition to the pneumococcus.
methodsAs a prelude to a trial of an investigational pneumococcal vaccine containing pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugates and pneumococcal proteins, the prevalence of carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella species and Staphylococcus aureus in the nasopharynx of 1030 Gambian infants (median age 35 weeks) was determined. An oropharyngeal swab was obtained at the same time from the first 371 infants enrolled. Standard microbiological techniques were used to evaluate the bacterial flora of the pharynx and to compare that found in the oropharynx and in the nasopharynx.
resultsThe overall pneumococcal carriage rate was high. Isolation rates of S. pneumoniae and Moraxella species were significantly higher using nasopharyngeal rather than oropharyngeal swabs (76.1% [95% CI 73.4%,78.7%] vs. 21.3% [95% CI 17.2%,25.8%] and 48.9% [95% CI 45.8%, 52.0%] vs. 20.5% % [95% CI 16.5%,25.0%] respectively). In contrast, S. aureus and H. influenzae were isolated more frequently from oropharyngeal than from nasopharyngeal swabs (65.0% [95% CI 59.9%, 69.8%] vs. 33.6% [95% CI 30.7%, 36.5%] and 31.8% [95% CI 16.5%, 25.0%] vs. 22.4% [95% CI 19.9%, 25.1%] respectively). No group A β haemolytic streptococci were isolated.
conclusionCollection of an oropharyngeal swab in addition to a nasopharyngeal swab will provide little additional information on the impact of a novel pneumococcal vaccine on pneumococcal carriage but it might provide additional, valuable information on the impact of the vaccine on the overall microbiota of the pharynx.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.