ArticlePloS one2013
How to decrease suicide rates in both genders? An effectiveness study of a community-based intervention (EAAD).
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03983356 (Training General Practitioners in Bulgaria to Reduce Suicide Rate), which is not on this map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Training General Practitioners in Bulgaria to Reduce Suicide Rate: A Controlled Study
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of psychosocial suicide prevention interventions for youth.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2016Pooled it
- Conditions for the Successful Integration of an eHealth Tool "StopBlues" Into Community-Based Interventions in France: Results From a Multiple Correspondence Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Trial
- Preventing suicidal behaviours with a multilevel intervention: a cluster randomised controlled trial.BMC public health · 2018Trial
- The effect of the mental health first-aid training course offered employees in Denmark: study protocol for a randomized waitlist-controlled superiority trial mixed with a qualitative study.BMC psychiatry · 2015Trial
- Methodologies Employed in Economic Evaluation of Suicide Prevention Interventions: A Scoping Review.Administration and policy in mental health · 2026Article
- Primary Care Interventions in Male Mental Health and Suicide Prevention: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Outcome Evaluation of a Multimodal Suicide Prevention Program Designed Through International Collaboration: Protocol for a Controlled Interrupted Time Series Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Mental health literacy among primary care providers in Hungary: a vignette-based survey.Annals of general psychiatry · 2025Article
- Community-Based 4-Level Intervention Targeting Depression and Suicidal Behavior in Europe: Protocol for an Implementation Project.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Understanding mental health help-seeking and stigma among Hungarian adults: A network perspective.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2024Article
- Myths about suicide - validating the Hungarian version of the Literacy of Suicide Scale (H-LOSS) on a community sample.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Munich Alliance Against Depression.Crisis · 2023Article
- Suicide Prevention Interventions and Their Linkages in Multilayered Approaches for Older Adults: A Review and Comparison.Frontiers in public health · 2022Review
- Relationship between Willingness and Psychological Characteristics of Suicide Prevention Telephone Counselors: A Retrospective Observational Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Observational
- Mental health following an initial period of COVID-19 restrictions: findings from a cross-sectional survey in the Republic of Ireland.HRB open research · 2021Article
- The 4-Level Approach: Prevention of Suicidal Behaviour Through Community-Based Intervention.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Review
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- Article
- The longitudinal association between lifetime mental disorders and first onset or recurrent suicide ideation.BMC psychiatry · 2019Article
- Suicide in Ghana: How Could the Community-Based Health Planning and Service (CHPS) Effectively Contribute to Its Prevention?Iranian journal of public health · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe suicide rate in Hungary is high in international comparison. The two-year community-based four-level intervention programme of the European Alliance Against Depression (EAAD) is designed to improve the care of depression and to prevent suicidal behaviour. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a regional community-based four-level suicide prevention programme on suicide rates.
methodThe EAAD programme was implemented in Szolnok (population 76,311), a town in a region of Hungary with an exceptionally high suicide rate. Effectiveness was assessed by comparing changes in suicide rates in the intervention region after the intervention started with changes in national suicide rates and those in a control region (Szeged) in the corresponding period.
resultsFor the duration of the programme and the follow-up year, suicide rates in Szolnok were significantly lower than the average of the previous three years (p = .0076). The suicide rate thus went down from 30.1 per 100,000 in 2004 to 13.2 in 2005 (-56.1 %), 14.6 in 2006 (-51.4 %) and 12.0 in 2007 (-60.1 %). This decrease of annual suicide rates in Szolnok after the onset of the intervention was significantly stronger than that observed in the whole country (p = .017) and in the control region (p = .0015). Men had the same decrease in suicide rates as women. As secondary outcome, an increase of emergency calls to the hotline service (200%) and outpatient visits at the local psychiatry clinic (76%) was found.
conclusionsThese results seem to provide further support for the effectiveness of the EAAD concept. Whilst the majority of suicide prevention programs mainly affect female suicidal behaviour, this programme seems to be beneficial for both sexes. The sustainability and the role of the mediating factors (social service and health care utilization, community attitudes about suicide) should be key points in future research.
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Registered trials
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