SynthesisPloS one2013
Area-level deprivation and overall and cause-specific mortality: 12 years' observation on British women and systematic review of prospective studies.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Role of Social Determinants of Health in Cardiovascular Diseases: An Umbrella Review.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Pooled it
- Hospital admissions for undocumented immigrants: a comparative analysis of French healthcare coverage schemes.European journal of public health · 2025Article
- Decennial Ward-Level Influence of Demographic, Farming, and Economic Predictors on All-Cause Mortality.The Australian journal of rural health · 2025Article
- Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Cardiovascular Events in Adults With CKD: The CRIC Study.Kidney medicine · 2024Article
- Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage Across the Life Course and Premature Mortality.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Adverse childhood experiences and living in the socially deprived areas in adulthood: a cross-sectional study of the nationwide data in Japan.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Area-level deprivation and adverse childhood experiences among high school students in Maryland.BMC public health · 2022Article
- The 2011 and 2016 iterations of the Ontario Marginalization Index: updates, consistency and a cross-sectional study of health outcome associations.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2022Article
- State of birth and cardiovascular disease mortality: Multilevel analyses of the National Longitudinal Mortality Study.SSM - population health · 2021Article
- Area-Based Socio-Economic Inequalities in Mortality from Lung Cancer and Respiratory Diseases.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Primary care in Germany: access and utilisation-a cross-sectional study with data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).BMJ open · 2018Article
- Neighborhood deprivation and biomarkers of health in Britain: the mediating role of the physical environment.BMC public health · 2018Article
- Area-level Socioeconomic Deprivation Affect Individual Cancer Mortality in Korea.Journal of Korean medical science · 2017Article
- Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status in Relation to All-Cause, Cancer, and Cardiovascular Mortality in the Black Women's Health Study.Ethnicity & disease · 2016Article
- The influence of neighbourhood-level socioeconomic deprivation on cardiovascular disease mortality in older age: longitudinal multilevel analyses from a cohort of older British men.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2015Article
- Measures of socioeconomic status and self-reported glaucoma in the U.K. Biobank cohort.Eye (London, England) · 2015Article
- Effects of local extrinsic mortality rate, crime and sex ratio on preventable death in Northern Ireland.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundProspective studies have suggested a negative impact of area deprivation on overall mortality, but its effect on cause-specific mortality and the mechanisms that account for this association remain unclear. We investigate the association of area deprivation, using Index of Multiple deprivation (IMD), with overall and cause-specific mortality, contextualising findings within a systematic review. METHODS AND
findingsWe used data from 4,286 women from the British Women's Heart Health Study (BWHHS) recruited at 1999-2001 to examine the association of IMD with overall and cause-specific mortality using Cox regression models. One standard deviation (SD) increase in the IMD score had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.21 (95% CI: 1.13-1.30) for overall mortality after adjustment for age and lifecourse individual deprivation, which was attenuated to 1.15 (95% CI: 1.04-1.26) after further inclusion of mediators (health behaviours, biological factors and use of statins and blood pressure-lowering medications). A more pronounced association was observed for respiratory disease and vascular deaths. The meta-analysis, based on 20 published studies plus the BWHHS (n=21), yielded a summary relative risk (RR) of 1.15 (95% CI: 1.11-1.19) for area deprivation (top [least deprived; reference] vs. bottom tertile) with overall mortality in an age and sex adjusted model, which reduced to 1.06 (95% CI: 1.04-1.08) in a fully adjusted model.
conclusionsHealth behaviours mediate the association between area deprivation and cause-specific mortality. Efforts to modify health behaviours may be more successful if they are combined with measures that tackle area deprivation.
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