ArticlePlant physiology2013
Exogenous gibberellins induce wheat spike development under short days only in the presence of VERNALIZATION1.
Article in Plant physiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulation of spikelet number during wheat spike development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- MicroRNA156 and its targeted SPL genes interact with the photoperiod, vernalization, and gibberellin pathways to regulate wheat heading time.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- The CONSTANS-like gene family in wheat is involved in heading date and drought stress response.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Spatial and single-cell expression analyses reveal complex expression domains in early wheat spike development.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Induction of flowering with a photoperiod extension coupled with gibberellic acid treatment: physiological and molecular insights in Allium species.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Transcriptome Profiling of Spike Development Reveals Key Genes and Pathways Associated with Early Heading in Wheat-Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A head-to-head NLR gene pair from wild emmer confers stripe rust resistance in wheat.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Molecular genetic regulation of the vegetative-generative transition in wheat from an environmental perspective.Annals of botany · 2025Review
- Exploring Metabolic Pathways and Gene Mining During Cotton Flower Bud Differentiation Stages Based on Transcriptomics and Metabolomics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Regulatory frameworks involved in the floral induction, formation and developmental programming of woody horticultural plants: a case study on blueberries.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Review
- Single amino acid change alters specificity of the multi-allelic wheat stem rust resistance locus SR9.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Cloning of the wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr47 introgressed from Aegilops speltoides.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Transcriptome analysis during vernalization in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).BMC genomic data · 2023Article
- EARLY FLOWERING 3 interactions with PHYTOCHROME B and PHOTOPERIOD1 are critical for the photoperiodic regulation of wheat heading time.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- High-resolution mapping of SrTm4, a recessive resistance gene to wheat stem rust.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2023Article
- Integrated morphological, metabolome, and transcriptome analyses revealed the mechanism of exogenous gibberellin promoting petiole elongation inFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Mapping and validation of major and stable QTL for flag leaf size from tetraploid wheat.The plant genome · 2022Article
- Plant Development and Crop Yield: The Role of Gibberellins.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Overexpression of the WAPO-A1 gene increases the number of spikelets per spike in bread wheat.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Plant Development of Early-Maturing Spring Wheat (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The activation of the meristem identity gene VERNALIZATION1 (VRN1) is a critical regulatory point in wheat (Triticum spp.) flowering. In photoperiod-sensitive wheat varieties, VRN1 is expressed only under long days (LDs), but mutants carrying deletions in a regulatory element in its promoter show VRN1 transcription and early spike development under short days (SDs). However, complete spike development is delayed until plants are transferred to LDs, indicating the existence of an additional regulatory mechanism dependent on LDs. We show here that exogenous gibberellin (GA) application accelerates spike development under SDs, but only in wheat lines expressing VRN1. The simultaneous presence of GA and VRN1 results in the up-regulation of the floral meristem identity genes SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1-1 and LEAFY, whereas inhibition of GA biosynthesis with paclobutrazol precludes the LD induction of these two genes. The inductive role of GA on wheat flowering is further supported by the up-regulation of GA biosynthetic genes in the apices of plants transferred from SDs to LDs and in photoperiod-insensitive and transgenic wheat plants with increased FLOWERING LOCUS T transcription under SDs. The up-regulation of GA biosynthetic genes was not observed in the leaves of the same genetic stocks. Based on these observations, we propose a model in which FLOWERING LOCUS T is up-regulated in the leaves under LDs and is then transported to the shoot apical meristem, where it simultaneously induces the expression of VRN1 and GA biosynthetic genes, which are both required for the up-regulation of the early floral meristem genes SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1-1 and LEAFY and the timely development of the wheat spike.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.