ReviewViruses2013
Vaccines in development against West Nile virus.
Review in Viruses, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- A Modular Design of a Cholera Toxin B Subunit-Scaffolded Sub-Virion Nanoparticle Vaccine Against West Nile Virus.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Article
- Article
- Comparison of Five Serological Methods for the Detection of West Nile Virus Antibodies.Viruses · 2024Article
- Immunotherapy and vaccination against infectious diseases.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2021Review
- A Review:Vaccines · 2021Review
- A Plant-Produced Virus-Like Particle Displaying Envelope Protein Domain III Elicits an Immune Response Against West Nile Virus in Mice.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Article
- Anti-Flavivirus Vaccines: Review of the Present Situation and Perspectives of Subunit Vaccines Produced inVaccines · 2020Review
- West Nile Virus: An Update on Pathobiology, Epidemiology, Diagnostics, Control and "One Health" Implications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- West Nile Virus Vaccine Design by T Cell Epitope Selection:Journal of immunology research · 2020Article
- Virus-Like Particle Systems for Vaccine Development against Viruses in the Flaviviridae Family.Vaccines · 2019Review
- Review
- Regulatory T cells limit unconventional memory to preserve the capacity to mount protective CD8 memory responses to pathogens.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Japanese encephalitis vaccine-specific envelope protein E138K mutation does not attenuate virulence of West Nile virus.NPJ vaccines · 2019Article
- Emerging Trends in the Epidemiology of West Nile and Usutu Virus Infections in Southern Europe.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2019Review
- A case of West Nile virus encephalitis accompanied by diabetic ketoacidosis and rhabdomyolysis.IDCases · 2019Article
- Epidemiology and ecology of West Nile virus in sub-Saharan Africa.Parasites & vectors · 2018Review
- Are we prepared for emerging flaviviruses in Europe? Challenges for vaccination.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Article
- A combination of TLR-4 agonist and saponin adjuvants increases antibody diversity and protective efficacy of a recombinant West Nile Virus antigen.NPJ vaccines · 2018Article
- Viral-Induced Enhanced Disease Illness.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
West Nile encephalitis emerged in 1999 in the United States, then rapidly spread through the North American continent causing severe disease in human and horses. Since then, outbreaks appeared in Europe, and in 2012, the United States experienced a new severe outbreak reporting a total of 5,387 cases of West Nile virus (WNV) disease in humans, including 243 deaths. So far, no human vaccine is available to control new WNV outbreaks and to avoid worldwide spreading. In this review, we discuss the state-of-the-art of West Nile vaccine development and the potential of a novel safe and effective approach based on recombinant live attenuated measles virus (MV) vaccine. MV vaccine is a live attenuated negative-stranded RNA virus proven as one of the safest, most stable and effective human vaccines. We previously described a vector derived from the Schwarz MV vaccine strain that stably expresses antigens from emerging arboviruses, such as dengue, West Nile or chikungunya viruses, and is strongly immunogenic in animal models, even in the presence of MV pre-existing immunity. A single administration of a recombinant MV vaccine expressing the secreted form of WNV envelope glycoprotein elicited protective immunity in mice and non-human primates as early as two weeks after immunization, indicating its potential as a human vaccine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.