Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24084075›Full record

ReviewThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2013

The biology of the glucocorticoid receptor: new signaling mechanisms in health and disease.

Robert H Oakley, John A Cidlowski

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04371471 (On-admission Multifactorial Evaluation of Inflammation as Prognostic Marker of Death in Patients Diagnosed With Coronavirus Infectious Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 553 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
553citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
31.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04371471 completednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

On-admission Multifactorial Evaluation of Inflammation as Prognostic Marker of Death in Patients Diagnosed With Coronavirus Infectious Disease (COVID-19) Syndrome

TypeobservationalSponsorGroupe Hospitalier de la Rochelle Ré AunisRan2020 to 2020Enrolled91ConditionsSARS-CoV-2 Acute Respiratory Disease, Covid19ArmsSTC-19 score
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

553 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,045 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of vamorolone in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Trial
  7. Promotion of long-term health in early life.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  8. Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulators (SEGRAMs): Can They Improve the Therapeutic Index of Steroid Therapy?Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Glucocorticoid Receptor Translational Isoforms Generate Unique Glucocorticoid Responses in the Mouse Brain.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

493 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Robert H OakleyLaboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC.
John A Cidlowski
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences · US

Funding

Intramural NIH HHS Z99 ES999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glucocorticoids are primary stress hormones necessary for life that regulate numerous physiologic processes in an effort to maintain homeostasis. Synthetic derivatives of these hormones have been mainstays in the clinic for treating inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, and hematologic cancers. The physiologic and pharmacologic actions of glucocorticoids are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors. Ligand-occupied GR induces or represses the transcription of thousands of genes through direct binding to DNA response elements, physically associating with other transcription factors, or both. The traditional view that glucocorticoids act through a single GR protein has changed dramatically with the discovery of a large cohort of receptor isoforms with unique expression, gene-regulatory, and functional profiles. These GR subtypes are derived from a single gene by means of alternative splicing and alternative translation initiation mechanisms. Posttranslational modification of these GR isoforms further expands the diversity of glucocorticoid responses. Here we discuss the origin and molecular properties of the GR isoforms and their contribution to the specificity and sensitivity of glucocorticoid signaling in healthy and diseased tissues.

Indexed as

Signal TransductionAlternative SplicingHumansProtein IsoformsProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalReceptors, GlucocorticoidProtein IsoformsReceptors, GlucocorticoidACTHActivation functionActivator protein 1Adrenocorticotropic hormoneAFAP1CBGCorticosteroid-binding globulinDBDDNA-binding domainglucocorticoidGlucocorticoid receptorGlucocorticoid-responsive elementglucocorticoid signalingGPCRG protein–coupled receptorGRGREisoformsLBDLigand-binding domainMAPKMitogen-activated protein kinaseNegative glucocorticoid-responsive elementNF-κBnGRENTDN-terminal transactivation domainNuclear factor κBSEGRASelective glucocorticoid receptor agonistβ(2)-Adrenergic receptorβ2AR

Identifiers

PMID24084075
PMCPMC4084612
OpenAlexW1992339013

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.