ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2013
Mutation in the RmβAOR gene is associated with amitraz resistance in the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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30 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Adaptation and Invasion Dynamics ofInsects · 2025Review
- Diagnostic performance of a Rapid Tick exposure Test (RaTexTParasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Multi-Omics Technologies Applied to Improve Tick Research.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Genomic assessment of targets implicated in Rhipicephalus microplus acaricide resistance.PloS one · 2024Article
- Control of ticks and tick-borne diseases in Africa through improved diagnosis and utilisation of data on acaricide resistance.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Assessment of cypermethrin and amitraz resistance and molecular profiling of voltage-gated sodium channel and octopamine tyramine genes ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Molecular Characterization of Octopamine/Tyramine Receptor Gene of Amitraz-ResistantMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- PaOctβ2R: Identification and Functional Characterization of an Octopamine Receptor Activating Adenylyl Cyclase Activity in the American CockroachInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Acaricide resistance in livestock ticks infesting cattle in Africa: Current status and potential mitigation strategies.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2022Review
- Acaricides Resistance in Ticks: Selection, Diagnosis, Mechanisms, and Mitigation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Insights into Nanopesticides for Ticks: The Superbugs of Livestock.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Review
- Acaricidal and Repellent Effects of Essential Oils against Ticks: A Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Article
- Determination of resistance status to amitraz in the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus from Luzon, Philippines, through bioassay and molecular analysis.Experimental & applied acarology · 2021Article
- An update on amitraz efficacy against Rhipicephalus microplus after 15 years of disuse.Parasitology research · 2021Article
- Reduced proinsecticide activation by cytochrome P450 confers coumaphos resistance in the major bee parasiteProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Plant-Derived Natural Compounds for Tick Pest Control in Livestock and Wildlife: Pragmatism or Utopia?Insects · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We aimed to describe the evolution of resistance to amitraz in Rhipicephalus microplus in the field and to test the association between amitraz resistance and the frequency of a mutation in the β-adrenergic octopamine receptor gene (RmβAOR). We established six populations of Rhipicephalus microplus ticks in similar paddocks by the admixture of ticks from strains known to be susceptible and resistant to amitraz and synthetic pyrethroids. Each population was managed using one of three acaricide treatment regimes: always amitraz, always spinosad, or rotation between amitraz and spinosad. We used microsatellites to elucidate population structure over time, an SNP in the para-sodium channel gene previously demonstrated to confer resistance to synthetic pyrethroids to quantify changes in resistance to synthetic pyrethroids over time, and a nonsynonymous SNP in the RmβAOR, a gene that we proposed to confer resistance to amitraz, to determine whether selection with amitraz increased the frequency of this mutation. The study showed panmixia of the two strains and that selection of ticks with amitraz increased the frequency of the RmβAOR mutation while increasing the prevalence of amitraz-resistance. We conclude that polymorphisms in the RmβAOR gene are likely to confer resistance to amitraz.
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