Trial reportThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2014
Effect of increasing glutathione with cysteine and glycine supplementation on mitochondrial fuel oxidation, insulin sensitivity, and body composition in older HIV-infected patients.
Trial report in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Dysregulated Metabolism in People Living With HIV in the Modern ART-Era: A Systematic Review of Targeted Metabolomics Studies.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Pooled it
- Assessing the causal association of glycine with risk of cardio-metabolic diseases.Nature communications · 2019Pooled it
- Metabolic impact of dietary glycine supplementation in individuals with severe obesity.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Gut microbiome remodeling and metabolomic profile improves in response to protein pacing with intermittent fasting versus continuous caloric restriction.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Comparative effects of acute-methionine loading on the plasma sulfur-amino acids in NAC-supplemented HIV+ patients and healthy controls.Amino acids · 2018Trial
- Effect of N-acetyl cysteine and glycine supplementation on growth performance, glutathione synthesis, and antioxidative ability of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2017Trial
- Excessive caloric intake acutely causes oxidative stress, GLUT4 carbonylation, and insulin resistance in healthy men.Science translational medicine · 2015Trial
- Randomized controlled trial of oral glutathione supplementation on body stores of glutathione.European journal of nutrition · 2015Trial
- Vitamin D and L-cysteine levels correlate positively with GSH and negatively with insulin resistance levels in the blood of type 2 diabetic patients.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2014Trial
- Liposomal Glutathione Exhibits Direct and Intracellular Antimycobacterial Activity AgainstBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals for the Management of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Neurotoxic effects of type II-diabetes mellitus and the possible preventive effects of olive leaves supplement in male rats.Open veterinary journal · 2024Article
- The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Glutathione Synthesis in Individuals with Severe Obesity.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Glycine supplementation can partially restore oxidative stress-associated glutathione deficiency in ageing cats.The British journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Review
- Glycine: The Smallest Anti-Inflammatory Micronutrient.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Glycine Supplementation in Obesity Worsens Glucose Intolerance through Enhanced Liver Gluconeogenesis.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Glycine Effect on the Expression Profile of Orphan Receptors GPR21, GPR26, GPR39, GPR82 and GPR6 in a Model of Inflammation in 3T3-L1 Cells.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Association of Metabolic Signatures with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Pediatric Population.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Glutathione, Orthomolecular Medicine, and Nutraceutical Therapy.Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV-infected patients are reported to have impaired oxidation of fatty acids despite increased availability, suggesting a mitochondrial defect. We investigated whether diminished levels of a key mitochondrial antioxidant, glutathione (GSH), was contributing to defective fatty acid oxidation in older HIV-infected patients, and if so, the metabolic mechanisms contributing to GSH deficiency in these patients.
methodsIn an open-label design, 8 older GSH-deficient HIV-infected males were studied before and after 14 days of oral supplementation with the GSH precursors cysteine and glycine. A combination of stable-isotope tracers, calorimetry, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, and dynamometry were used to measure GSH synthesis, fasted and insulin-stimulated (fed) mitochondrial fuel oxidation, insulin sensitivity, body composition, anthropometry, forearm-muscle strength, and lipid profiles.
resultsImpaired synthesis contributed to GSH deficiency in the patients and was restored with cysteine plus glycine supplementation. GSH improvement was accompanied by marked improvements in fasted and fed mitochondrial fuel oxidation. Associated benefits included improvements in insulin sensitivity, body composition, anthropometry, muscle strength, and dyslipidemia.
conclusionsThis work identifies 2 novel findings in older HIV-infected patients: 1) diminished synthesis due to decreased availability of cysteine and glycine contributes to GSH deficiency and can be rapidly corrected by dietary supplementation of these precursors and 2) correction of GSH deficiency is associated with improvement of mitochondrial fat and carbohydrate oxidation in both fasted and fed states and with improvements in insulin sensitivity, body composition, and muscle strength. The role of GSH on ameliorating metabolic complications in older HIV-infected patients warrants further investigation.
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