Trial reportNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2014
Decline in cue-provoked craving during cue exposure therapy for smoking cessation.
Trial report in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virtual Reality Technology Use in Cigarette Craving and Smoking Interventions (I "Virtually" Quit): Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of experimental negative affect manipulations on ad libitum smoking: a meta-analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2015Pooled it
- Virtual reality cue exposure as an add-on to smoking cessation group therapy: a randomized controlled trial.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2025Trial
- Mechanisms of behavior change during alcohol treatment among negative affect drinkers: A time-varying effect model analysis using 84 consecutive days of ecological momentary assessment.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2024Trial
- Augmented reality for extinction of cue-provoked urges to smoke: Proof of concept.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2022Trial
- Augmented reality as a novel approach for addiction treatment: development of a smoking cessation app.Annals of medicine · 2022Trial
- A Pilot Study on Approach Bias Modification in Smoking Cessation: Activating Personalized Alternative Activities for Smoking in the Context of Increased Craving.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Isradipine enhancement of virtual reality cue exposure therapy is effective for individuals with higher baseline cue-induced craving.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Towards virtual reality exposure therapy for cocaine use disorder: A feasibility study of inducing cocaine craving through virtual reality.Addictive behaviors reports · 2024Article
- Development of two novel treatments to promote smoking cessation: Savor and retrieval-extinction training pilot clinical trial findings.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Testing Augmented Reality for Eliciting Cue-Provoked Urges to Smoke: Toward Moving Cue-Exposure Into the Real World.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Article
- Minding the Gap: Leveraging Mindfulness to Inform Cue Exposure Treatment for Substance Use Disorders.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Review
- Augmented Reality for Smoking Cessation: Development and Usability Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Article
- The clinical potential of augmented reality.Clinical psychology : a publication of the Division of Clinical Psychology of the American Psychological Association · 2020Article
- Interaction between behavioral inhibition and neural alcohol cue-reactivity in ADHD and alcohol use disorder.Psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Nicotine-enhanced Pavlovian conditioned approach is resistant to omission of expected outcome.Behavioural brain research · 2018Article
- Phosphoproteomic Analysis Reveals a Novel Mechanism of CaMKIIα Regulation Inversely Induced by Cocaine Memory Extinction versus Reconsolidation.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2016Article
- Trajectories of drinking urges and the initiation of abstinence during cognitive-behavioral alcohol treatment.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionBased on the principles of Pavlovian learning and extinction, cue exposure therapy (CET) involves repeated exposure to substance-associated cues to extinguish conditioned cravings and reduce the likelihood of relapse. The efficacy of CET is predicated on successful extinction, yet the process of extinction in CET trials has rarely been demonstrated. This study explored the extinction process using a cue-reactivity paradigm in smokers undergoing multiple CET sessions as part of a comprehensive smoking cessation treatment.
methodsThe sample comprised 76 moderately dependent, treatment-seeking smokers who completed at least 4 CET sessions and 6 counseling sessions. The CET and counseling sessions were scheduled twice weekly, and participants began using transdermal nicotine replacement therapy on their quit day, which occurred prior to initiation of CET. Each CET session consisted of presentation of 140 images on a computer screen, with self-reported craving as the primary measure of cue reactivity.
resultsMixed-model analyses revealed a progressive decline in cue-provoked craving both within and across 6 sessions of CET. Moderator analyses showed that the decline in craving was greatest among those who displayed initial cue reactivity.
conclusionsThese data are consistent with the premise that CET can produce extinction of laboratory-based cue-provoked smoking cravings and highlight important individual differences that may influence extinction. Implications for conducting cue exposure research and interventions are discussed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.