ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2013
Characterization of distinct immunophenotypes across pediatric brain tumor types.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 169 papers.
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Who cites it
169 citing papers in PubMed, 259 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Immunotherapy for pediatric solid tumors: overcoming biological barriers through rational multimodal combinations.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Review
- <p>CDK1 depletion suppresses glioma malignancy through cell cycle pathway regulation: Mechanistic insights from functional and molecular profiling</p>.Oncology reports · 2026Article
- Role of matrix metalloproteinases in the invasion of glioblastoma and drug interventions (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Machine learning-based identification of extracellular matrix-related prognostic subtypes in SHH-activated medulloblastoma.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Identification and validation of feature genes using a ferroptosis-informed analytical framework in medulloblastoma.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Decoding the immune microenvironment: precision immunotherapy for medulloblastoma subtypes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Overcoming immunotherapy barriers in pediatric brain tumors: epigenetic strategies.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- VAMP5 promotes glioma progression through bioinformatics analysis clinical correlation and functional validation.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Endothelial cells-derived SEMA3G suppresses glioblastoma stem cells by inducing c-Myc degradation.Cell death and differentiation · 2025Article
- Multimodal analysis of pediatric pilocytic astrocytomas reveals tumor location-associated cellular and transcriptional heterogeneity.Neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Multi-pronged analysis of pediatric low-grade glioma and ganglioglioma reveals a unique tumor microenvironment associated with BRAF alterations.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Determination of ADP/ATP translocase isoform ratios in malignancy and cellular senescence.Molecular oncology · 2025Article
- Enhanced plasma and brain concentrations and medulloblastoma cytotoxicity of asciminib and nilotinib by P-glycoprotein inhibition with tariquidar.Anti-cancer drugs · 2025Article
- Article
- SMARCA5 is required for the development of granule cell neuron precursors and Sonic Hedgehog Medulloblastoma growth.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- 5-ALA Assisted Surgery of Human Glioblastoma Samples Reveals an Enrichment of T Cells Expressing PD-1 and CD103 in the Intermediate and Marginal Layers.European journal of immunology · 2025Article
109 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite increasing evidence that antitumor immune control exists in the pediatric brain, these findings have yet to be exploited successfully in the clinic. A barrier to development of immunotherapeutic strategies in pediatric brain tumors is that the immunophenotype of these tumors' microenvironment has not been defined. To address this, the current study used multicolor FACS of disaggregated tumor to systematically characterize the frequency and phenotype of infiltrating immune cells in the most common pediatric brain tumor types. The initial study cohort consisted of 7 pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), 19 ependymoma (EPN), 5 glioblastoma (GBM), 6 medulloblastoma (MED), and 5 nontumor brain (NT) control samples obtained from epilepsy surgery. Immune cell types analyzed included both myeloid and T cell lineages and respective markers of activated or suppressed functional phenotypes. Immune parameters that distinguished each of the tumor types were identified. PA and EPN demonstrated significantly higher infiltrating myeloid and lymphoid cells compared with GBM, MED, or NT. Additionally, PA and EPN conveyed a comparatively activated/classically activated myeloid cell-skewed functional phenotype denoted in particular by HLA-DR and CD64 expression. In contrast, GBM and MED contained progressively fewer infiltrating leukocytes and more muted functional phenotypes similar to that of NT. These findings were recapitulated using whole tumor expression of corresponding immune marker genes in a large gene expression microarray cohort of pediatric brain tumors. The results of this cross-tumor comparative analysis demonstrate that different pediatric brain tumor types exhibit distinct immunophenotypes, implying that specific immunotherapeutic approaches may be most effective for each tumor type.
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