ArticleJournal of neurovirology2013
HIV-related cognitive impairment shows bi-directional association with dopamine receptor DRD1 and DRD2 polymorphisms in substance-dependent and substance-independent populations.
Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-associated executive dysfunction in the era of modern antiretroviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology · 2018Pooled it
- Transcriptional impacts of substance use disorder and HIV on human ventral midbrain neurons and microglia.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Neurological, Behavioral, and Pathophysiological Characterization of the Co-Occurrence of Substance Use and HIV: A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Opioid and neuroHIV Comorbidity - Current and Future Perspectives.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Review
- The impact of substance abuse on HIV-mediated neuropathogenesis in the current ART era.Brain research · 2019Review
- Comorbid HIV infection and alcohol use disorders: Converging glutamatergic and dopaminergic mechanisms underlying neurocognitive dysfunction.Brain research · 2019Review
- Double dissociation of HIV and substance use disorder effects on neurocognitive tasks dependent on striatal integrity.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Observational
- Relationship Between Brain Arterial Pathology and Neurocognitive Performance Among Individuals With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Article
- The role of catecholamines in HIV neuropathogenesis.Brain research · 2019Review
- Network analysis of hippocampal neurons by microelectrode array in the presence of HIV-1 Tat and cocaine.Journal of cellular physiology · 2018Article
- Risk Factors and Pathogenesis of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: The Role of Host Genetics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Aging with HIV-1 Infection: Motor Functions, Cognition, and Attention--A Comparison with Parkinson's Disease.Neuropsychology review · 2015Review
- Overlapping dopaminergic pathway genetic susceptibility to heroin and cocaine addictions in African Americans.Annals of human genetics · 2015Article
- Interactive effects of cocaine on HIV infection: implication in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder and neuroAIDS.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Review
- HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders: the relationship of HIV infection with physical and social comorbidities.BioMed research international · 2015Review
- Host genetic factors predisposing to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2014Review
- Interactions of HIV and drugs of abuse: the importance of glia, neural progenitors, and host genetic factors.International review of neurobiology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
It has been postulated that drugs of abuse act synergistically with HIV, leading to increased neurotoxicity and neurocognitive impairment. The CNS impacts of HIV and drug use converge on the mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) system, which contains two main receptor subtypes: dopamine receptors 1 (DRD1) and 2 (DRD2). DRD1 and DRD2 have been linked to substance dependence; whether they predict HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is unclear. Using an advanced-stage HIV+ population, we sought to determine if drug dependence impacts the contribution of DA receptor polymorphisms on neurocognition. We observed that both DRD1 and DRD2 polymorphisms were associated with opiate and cocaine dependence (P < 0.05) in Caucasian subjects, but not African-American individuals. Using linear regression analysis, we examined the polymorphisms for associations with neuropsychological performance in global and cognitive domain T-scores (Motor, Processing Speed, Verbal Fluency, Learning, Memory, Executive Functioning, Working Memory) while controlling for opiate and cocaine dependency. In the Motor domain, we observed an association for two DRD2 polymorphisms (P < 0.05) in Caucasian subjects. The effects differed for substance dependence groups as the direction of the correlations with DRD2 were opposite to what was seen in subjects without these dependencies. In African-American subjects, associations were observed in nearly every domain, and again, the direction of the correlation differed between substance-dependent and substance-independent groups. We conclude that studies to examine genetic risk for HAND must carefully account for substance dependence patterns when assaying dopaminergic systems, as the neurobiological substrates of cognition in HIV populations may vary with tonic alterations secondary to chronic substance exposures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.