ReviewPharmacological reviews2013
Mu opioids and their receptors: evolution of a concept.
Review in Pharmacological reviews, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 295 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
295 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Investigational Drugs for the Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of oliceridine versus sufentanil for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia following gynecological laparoscopic surgery: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Trial
- The Effect of Opioid-Free Anesthesia with Transversus Abdominis Plane Block on Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: Randomized Controlled Study.Journal of pain research · 2024Trial
- Dual-target mu opioid-dopamine DEuropean journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Naltrexone, Naloxone, Morphine, and Fentanyl Pharmacologically Chaperone a Mutant μ-Opioid Receptor via an Endoplasmic Reticulum Exit Site-Dependent Pathway.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Article
- The Pharmacogenomics of Opioid Response in Cancer Pain: From Receptor Polymorphisms to Tumour-Mediated Interference-A Narrative-Critical Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Oxytocin attenuates respiratory depression and reduces mortality from fentanyl and the combination of xylazine-fentanyl in rats.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2026Article
- Sigma 1 Receptor Activation Coordinates Metabolic Stress Responses to Protect Retinal Vasculature in Ischemic Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Mitragynine and Morphine Stabilize Different Conformations of the μ‑Opioid Receptor as Revealed by Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Differential impacts of exon 1-associated and exon 11-associated variants of the rat mu opioid receptor gene, Oprm1, on buprenorphine- and morphine-induced analgesia and respiratory depression in male rats.Molecular pharmacology · 2026Article
- Mechanistic insights into the therapeutic properties of delta opioid receptor.Science advances · 2026Article
- Mapping partial agonism of mitragynine at the µ-opioid receptor through molecular dynamics and Markov state modelling analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Median effective dose of intravenous nalmefene for preventing sufentanil-induced cough in children aged 1-6 years: a prospective randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Morphine-inducedFrontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Differential Effects of Sodium on Agonist-Induced Conformational Transitions and Signaling at μ and κ Opioid Receptors.Biochemistry · 2025Article
- Article
- Sex-specific role of the 5-HTNature communications · 2025Article
- Quantum-topological simulation of Berry phase-induced fentanyl-μ-opioid receptor dissociation via terahertz vortex fields.Journal of molecular modeling · 2025Article
- Optimizing ligand-receptor binding thermodynamics and kinetics: The role of Terahertz wave modulation in molecular recognition.Fundamental research · 2025Review
235 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Opiates are among the oldest medications available to manage a number of medical problems. Although pain is the current focus, early use initially focused upon the treatment of dysentery. Opium contains high concentrations of both morphine and codeine, along with thebaine, which is used in the synthesis of a number of semisynthetic opioid analgesics. Thus, it is not surprising that new agents were initially based upon the morphine scaffold. The concept of multiple opioid receptors was first suggested almost 50 years ago (Martin, 1967), opening the possibility of new classes of drugs, but the morphine-like agents have remained the mainstay in the medical management of pain. Termed mu, our understanding of these morphine-like agents and their receptors has undergone an evolution in thinking over the past 35 years. Early pharmacological studies identified three major classes of receptors, helped by the discovery of endogenous opioid peptides and receptor subtypes-primarily through the synthesis of novel agents. These chemical biologic approaches were then eclipsed by the molecular biology revolution, which now reveals a complexity of the morphine-like agents and their receptors that had not been previously appreciated.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.