ReviewFrontiers in neuroendocrinology2014
Sex differences in anxiety and depression: role of testosterone.
Review in Frontiers in neuroendocrinology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 223 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
223 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 487 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Association between domains of quality of life and patients with Klinefelter syndrome: a systematic review.European journal of endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Risk factors for residual dizziness in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo after successful repositioning: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Pooled it
- Does COVID-19 psychological fatigue exist? Results of three online cross-sectional studies conducted in Spain from April 2020 to March 2021.Journal of global health · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of anxiety symptom and depressive symptom among college students during COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis.Journal of affective disorders · 2021Pooled it
- Testosterone in Female Depression: A Meta-Analysis and Mendelian Randomization Study.Biomolecules · 2021Pooled it
- Depression in Turner Syndrome: A Systematic Review.Archives of sexual behavior · 2020Pooled it
- Serum androgen profiles in women with premature ovarian insufficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2019Pooled it
- Effects of integrated exercise approach on total testosterone levels in eumenorrheic women: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Characteristics of non-suicidal self-injury and its associations with thyroid and sex hormones in adolescents with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Hormonal Imbalance and Gut Dysbiosis: Emerging Perspectives in Women's Health.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Impact of sex chromosomes and gonad type in stress susceptibility in corticostriatal brain regions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Women Is Associated with Improved Symptom Burden and Favorable Biomarker Changes: A Retrospective Observational Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- Gut Bacteria Improve Depressive Symptoms by Degrading Cortisol into Androgen.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- A population-based study of traumatic brain injury incidence and mechanisms in New Zealand: 2021-2022 compared with 2010-2011.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Article
- Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life in Women with Turner Syndrome: The Role of Comorbidities, Hormonal Therapy and Depressive Symptoms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- CDK5RAP3 Regulates Testosterone Production in Mouse Leydig Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Influence of short-term dexamethasone-induced stress on behavioral, physiological and reproductive performance of growing rabbit bucks.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Novel prognostic signature unveils PSEN1 contributes to depression-induced lung adenocarcinoma progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Association of Increased SOAT2 Expression with Abnormal Cholesterol Esterification and Testosterone Deficiency in Late-Onset Hypogonadism Rats.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2026Article
163 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Compelling evidence exists for pervasive sex differences in pathological conditions, including anxiety and depressive disorders, with females more than twice as likely to be afflicted. Gonadal hormones may be a major factor in this disparity, given that women are more likely to experience mood disturbances during times of hormonal flux, and testosterone may have protective benefits against anxiety and depression. In this review we focus on the effects of testosterone in males and females, revealed in both human and animal studies. We also present possible neurobiological mechanisms underlying testosterone's mostly protective benefits, including the brain regions, neural circuits, and cellular and molecular pathways involved. While the precise underlying mechanisms remain unclear, both activational and organizational effects of testosterone appear to contribute to these effects. Future clinical studies are necessary in order to better understand when and how testosterone therapy may be effective in both sexes.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.